#include <iostream> 
 
 template < typename T >
 inline T highbit(T& t)
 {
    return t = (((T)(-1)) >> 1) + 1;
 }
 
 template < typename T >
 std::ostream& bin(T& value, std::ostream &o)
 {
    for ( T bit = highbit(bit); bit; bit >>= 1 )
    {
 	  o << ( ( value & bit ) ? '1' : '0' );
    }
    return o;
 }
 
 
 int main() 
 {
    unsigned long value = 0x12345678;
    std::cout << "hex: " << std::hex << value << std::endl;
    std::cout << "dec: " << std::dec << value << std::endl;
    std::cout << "oct: " << std::oct << value << std::endl;
    std::cout << "bin: ";
    bin(value, std::cout);
    std::cout << std::endl;
    return 0; 
 }
 
 /* my output
 hex: 12345678
 dec: 305419896
 oct: 2215053170
 bin: 00010010001101000101011001111000
 */