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First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

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First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #1
Mar 30th, 2008
Need some help.

I have an assignment that calls for the sorting of two arrays. One is an array of doubles, the other chars (two dimensional). I cannot figure it out for the life of me.

Here is the whole program.

C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. #include<iostream>
  2. #include<iomanip>
  3. using namespace std;
  4.  
  5. //Function Prototypes
  6. double sumRain(double[], int);
  7. double getHighest(double[], int);
  8. double getLowest(double[], int);
  9. void sortString(double[], char[][10], int);
  10. void displaySort(double[], char[][10], int);
  11. void displayResults(double total, double average, double lowest, double highest);
  12.  
  13. int main()
  14. {
  15. 	const int MONTHS = 12;
  16. 	double	rainfall[MONTHS] = {0},
  17. 			total = 0,
  18. 			average = 0,
  19. 			highest = 0,
  20. 			lowest = 0;
  21. 	char month[MONTHS][10] = {"January",
  22. 							"Febuary",
  23. 							"March",
  24. 							"April",
  25. 							"May",
  26. 							"June",
  27. 							"July",
  28. 							"August",
  29. 							"September",
  30. 							"October",
  31. 							"November",
  32. 							"December"};
  33.  
  34. 	//Collect the rainfall for each month and store the data in an array
  35. 	for (int count = 0; count < MONTHS; count++)
  36. 	{
  37. 		cout << "Please enter the the rainfall for " << month[count] << endl;
  38. 		cin >> rainfall[count];
  39.  
  40. 		if (rainfall[count] < 0)
  41. 		{
  42. 			cout << "You MUST enter an amount greater or equal to zero!\n";
  43. 			cout << "Please enter the rainfall for the " << month[count] << " month.\n";
  44. 			cin >> rainfall[count];
  45. 		}
  46. 	}
  47.  
  48. 	//Calculate the total rainfall
  49. 	total = sumRain(rainfall, MONTHS);
  50.  
  51. 	//Calculate the average
  52. 	average = total / MONTHS;
  53.  
  54. 	//Find the month with the highest rainfall
  55. 	highest = getHighest(rainfall, MONTHS);
  56.  
  57. 	//Find the month with the lowest rainfall
  58. 	lowest = getLowest(rainfall, MONTHS);
  59.  
  60. 	//Display results
  61. 	displayResults(lowest, highest, average, total);
  62.  
  63. 	//Sort The strings
  64. 	sortString(rainfall, month, MONTHS);
  65.  
  66. 	//display the sorted strings
  67. 	displaySort(rainfall, month, MONTHS);
  68.  
  69.  
  70. 	return 0;
  71.  
  72. }
  73. void displayResults(double total, double average, double lowest, double highest)
  74. {
  75. 	//Format output
  76. 	cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2);
  77.  
  78. 	//Display results
  79. 	cout << "The total rainfall for the year is " << total << endl;
  80. 	cout << "The average rainfall is " << average << endl;
  81. 	cout << "The the lowest amount of rain for any given month was " << lowest << endl;
  82. 	cout << "The the highest amount of rain for any given month was " << highest << endl;
  83. }
  84. double sumRain(double rainfall[], int MONTHS)
  85. {
  86. 	double total = 0;
  87. 	for (int count = 0; count < MONTHS; count++)
  88. 	{
  89. 		total += rainfall[count];
  90. 	}
  91. 	return total;
  92. }
  93. double getHighest(double rainfall[], int MONTHS)
  94. {
  95. 	double highest = rainfall[0];
  96. 	for (int count = 0; count < MONTHS; count++)
  97. 	{
  98. 		if (rainfall[count] > highest)
  99. 			highest = rainfall[count];
  100. 	}
  101. 	return highest;
  102. }
  103. double getLowest(double rainfall[], int MONTHS)
  104. {
  105. 	double lowest = rainfall[0];
  106. 	for (int count = 0; count < MONTHS; count++)
  107. 	{
  108. 		if (rainfall[count] < lowest)
  109. 			lowest = rainfall[count];
  110. 	}
  111. 	return lowest;
  112. }
  113. void sortString(double rainfall[], char month[][10], int MONTHS)
  114. {
  115. 	double swapRain = 0,
  116. 		highest = 0;
  117. 	char swapMonth[12][10],
  118. 		highestMonth[12][10];
  119.  
  120. 	for (int startIndex = 0; startIndex < (MONTHS - 1); startIndex++)
  121. 	{
  122. 		highest = rainfall[startIndex];
  123. 		swapRain = rainfall[startIndex];
  124.  
  125. 		for (int count = startIndex + 1; count < MONTHS; count++)
  126. 		{			
  127.  
  128. 			if (rainfall[count] > highest)
  129. 			{
  130. 				highest = rainfall[count];
  131. 				swapRain = rainfall[startIndex];
  132. 				swapMonth[startIndex] = month[startIndex];
  133. 				rainfall[count] = swapRain;
  134. 				//month[count] = swapMonth[12][10];
  135. 				rainfall[startIndex] = highest;
  136. 				//month[startIndex] = highestMonth[12][10];
  137. 			}
  138. 		}
  139. 	}
  140. }
  141. void displaySort(double rainfall[], char month[][10], int MONTHS)
  142. {
  143. 	for (int count = 0; count < MONTHS; count++)
  144. 	{
  145. 		cout << "The total rain for " << month[count] << " is " << rainfall[count] << endl;
  146. 	}
  147. }

The function that I am sorting the arrays is
C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. void sortString(double rainfall[], char month[][10], int MONTHS)
  2. {
  3. 	double swapRain = 0,
  4. 		highest = 0;
  5. 	char swapMonth[12][10],
  6. 		highestMonth[12][10];
  7.  
  8. 	for (int startIndex = 0; startIndex < (MONTHS - 1); startIndex++)
  9. 	{
  10. 		highest = rainfall[startIndex];
  11. 		swapRain = rainfall[startIndex];
  12.  
  13. 		for (int count = startIndex + 1; count < MONTHS; count++)
  14. 		{			
  15.  
  16. 			if (rainfall[count] > highest)
  17. 			{
  18. 				highest = rainfall[count];
  19. 				swapRain = rainfall[startIndex];
  20. 				swapMonth[startIndex] = month[startIndex];
  21. 				rainfall[count] = swapRain;
  22. 				//month[count] = swapMonth[12][10];
  23. 				rainfall[startIndex] = highest;
  24. 				//month[startIndex] = highestMonth[12][10];
  25. 			}
  26. 		}
  27. 	}
  28. }

I have some stuff commented because I was just trying to get the thing to compile...
What I have figured so far is I cannot assign in a char array the same that I can in a 9int or double array...

Any pointers would be great!

Jay
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Re: First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #2
Mar 31st, 2008
Lets do some sorting.

First of all the sorting technique you are using is sort by swapping. famous as a bubble sort.
before sorting lets improve your code. which is more strutured

Why are you keeping the two related things separate? why don't keep these two things rainfall & month as an aggregate. here comes structure.
C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. struct RainFallInfo { 
  2.      double rainFall;         // stores information about rain
  3.      char month[10];       // stores information about month.
  4. };

how to sort this.
is simple

C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. void Swap (RainFallInfo& first, RainFallInfo& second)
  2. {
  3. 		// swapping technique...
  4. 		RainFallInfo temp;
  5. 		temp.rainFall = first.rainFall;
  6. 		strcpy (temp.month, first.month);
  7.  
  8. 		first.rainFall = second.rainFall;
  9. 		strcpy (first.month, second.month);
  10.  
  11.  
  12. 		second.rainFall = temp.rainFall;
  13. 		strcpy (second.month, temp.month);
  14. }
  15.  
  16.  
  17. void Sort (RainFallInfo rInfo[], int MONTHS)
  18. {
  19. 	for (int i=0; i<MONTHS; ++i)
  20. 	{
  21. 		for (int j=i+1; j<MONTHS; ++j)
  22. 		{
  23. 			if (rInfo[i].rainFall> rInfo[j].rainFall)
  24. 			{
  25. 					Swap(rInfo[i], rInfo[j]);
  26. 			}
  27. 		}
  28. 	}
  29. }
Hope you understand.

where you lack can be seen by comparing my sort function with yours.
like these.
C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. startIndex < (MONTHS - 1); // should be replaced by MONTHS

strcpy is required to copy char array to other char array.
Hope this helps...

if you don't know references, 'RainFallInfo&' you can replace this by RainFallInfo* and do the same.
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Re: First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #3
Mar 31st, 2008
strcpy is not required as you're copying the whole structure. So the swap function could be as simple as:
C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. void Swap(RainFallInfo& first, RainFallInfo& second){
  2.    // swapping technique...
  3.    RainFallInfo temp = first;
  4.    first = second;
  5.    second = temp;
  6.    }
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Re: First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #4
Mar 31st, 2008
dougy83
thanks, I know this is the portable and most suitable way to swap, there exists several other swapping techniques, but I was concentrating on technique adopted by Yellowdog428. I want him to find out this technique himself.

Thanks anyway.
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Re: First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #5
Mar 31st, 2008
Thank you for your help!

Problem is I have not learned structures yet....

is there another way to do it without them?

Thanks again
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Re: First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #6
Apr 1st, 2008
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I have some stuff commented because I was just trying to get the thing to compile...
What I have figured so far is I cannot assign in a char array the same that I can in a 9int or double array...
You can't assign arrays in the same way that you can assign an int, long, double, etc.

You can use strcpy/strncpy for copying the contents of the char arrays:
C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. 				strcpy(swapMonth, month[startIndex]);
  2. 				strcpy(month[startIndex], month[count]);
  3. 				strcpy(month[count], swapMonth);

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char swapMonth[12][10],
highestMonth[12][10];
You should realise that swapMonth and highestMonth only needs to hold a single month, so use:
C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. char swapMonth[10],
  2. 		highestMonth[10];


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Any pointers would be great!
So you like pointers then?? The strcpy can be avoided if we swap pointers instead. I have a feeling that this will confuse more than it's worth so I won't include any info, unless you want it -- so stick to the strcpy method shown above.
Last edited by dougy83; Apr 1st, 2008 at 2:56 am.
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Re: First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #7
Apr 2nd, 2008
You can also use template if it is allowed for your homework however.
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Re: First post, homework help.... (me != sorting array)

 
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  #8
Apr 2nd, 2008
Thanks guys!

I used the strcpy command like dougy83 suggested!

C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. void sortString(double rainfall[], char month[][10], int MONTHS)
  2. {
  3. 	double swapRain = 0,
  4. 		highest = 0;
  5. 	char swapMonth[10],
  6. 		highestMonth[10];
  7.  
  8. 	for (int startIndex = 0; startIndex < (MONTHS - 1); startIndex++)
  9. 	{
  10. 		highest = rainfall[startIndex];
  11. 		swapRain = rainfall[startIndex];
  12.  
  13. 		for (int count = startIndex + 1; count < MONTHS; count++)
  14. 		{			
  15.  
  16. 			if (rainfall[count] > highest)
  17. 			{
  18. 				highest = rainfall[count];
  19. 				strcpy(highestMonth, month[count]);
  20. 				swapRain = rainfall[startIndex];
  21. 				strcpy(swapMonth, month[startIndex]);
  22. 				rainfall[count] = swapRain;
  23. 				strcpy(month[count], swapMonth);
  24. 				rainfall[startIndex] = highest;
  25. 				strcpy(month[startIndex], highestMonth);
  26. 			}
  27. 		}
  28. 	}
  29. }
works like a charm!
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