# a simple pygame example
# module pygame free from: http://www.pygame.org
# creates nested circles on a yellow background
# vegaseat
 
import pygame
 
pygame.init()
 
# create a 300 x 300 pixel display window
# the default background is black
win = pygame.display.set_mode((300, 300))
# add nice title
pygame.display.set_caption("Bull's Eye!")
 
# pygame uses (r, g, b) color tuples
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
yellow = (255, 255, 0)
 
# create a canvas (in memory) to draw on
canvas = pygame.Surface(win.get_size())
# fill surface
canvas.fill(yellow)
 
center = (150, 150)
# draw a black border circle
radius = 92
pygame.draw.circle(canvas, black, center, radius)
 
# draw a white circle
radius = 90
pygame.draw.circle(canvas, white, center, radius)
 
# draw a red circle that fits into the white one
radius = 80
pygame.draw.circle(canvas, red, center, radius)
 
# finally the black bull's eye
radius = 10
pygame.draw.circle(canvas, black, center, radius)
 
# transfer canvas to display window at ulc (x=0, y=0)
win.blit(canvas, (0, 0))
 
# update/flip to show on the computer display
pygame.display.flip()
 
# event loop and exit conditions (windows titlebar x click)
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            raise SystemExit

# testing a notebook widget class for Tkinter (modified)
# Python 2.5.4 ene
 
import Tkinter as tk
 
class Notebook(object):
    """
    a notebook widget class for Tkinter applications
    """
    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.active_page = None
        self.count = 0
        self.selected = tk.IntVar(0)
        # orientation of initial tab (can go 'bottom' too)
        side = 'top'
        # new tabs go
        self.side= 'left'
        # create notebook's initial page frame
        self.tab = tk.Frame(parent)
        self.tab.pack(side=side, fill='both')
        self.page = tk.Frame(parent)
        self.page.pack(fill='both')
 
    def __call__(self):
        """
        parent page reference
        """
        return self.page
 
    def add_page(self, pg, title):
        """
        add a new page to the notebook
        """
        rb = tk.Radiobutton(self.tab, text=title, indicatoron=0, variable=self.selected,
            value=self.count, command=lambda: self.display_page(pg))
        rb.pack(fill='both', side=self.side)
        # first page is slected by default
        if not self.active_page:
            pg.pack(fill='both', expand=True)
            self.active_page = pg
        self.count += 1
        # returns reference
        return rb
 
    def display_page(self, pg):
        """
        shows selected page, hides former page
        """
        self.active_page.forget()
        pg.pack(fill='both', expand=True)
        self.active_page = pg
 
 
# testing the module
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    # use width x height + x_offset + y_offset (no spaces!)
    root.geometry("400x200+100+50")
    root.title('Testing a Tkinter notebook widget')
 
    nb = Notebook(root)
 
    # create first page (notice the instance call)
    page1 = tk.Frame(nb())
    nb.add_page(page1, 'page 1')
    # put something on the page
    # text entry field, width=width in chars, height=lines text
    text1 = tk.Text(page1, width=60, height=12, bg='yellow')
    text1.pack(fill='both')
    text1.insert(tk.INSERT, ' this is page number 1')
 
    # create second page, also has a button
    page2 = tk.Frame(nb())
    nb.add_page(page2, 'page 2')
    # put something on the page
    text2 = tk.Text(page2, width=60, height=12, bg='green')
    text2.pack(fill='both')
    s1 = ' this is page number 2 \n'
    s2 = ' Look, I am green! \n'
    s3 = ' Also, I have a button to click!'
    text2.insert(tk.INSERT, s1+s2+s3)
    # just a dummy button
    button2 = tk.Button(page2, text=' save text to file ')
    button2.pack(side='left')
 
    root.mainloop()

import random
import tkinter as tk
 
def Coin_Toss():
    try:
        n = float(enter.get())
        if n > 0:
            label2.config(text='')
    except ValueError:
        label2.config(text='Need numeric value')
 
    display = "" 
 
    heads = 0
    tails = 0
    counter = 0
    Heads = "H"
    Tails = "T"
 
    try:
        while (counter < n):
             if random.randrange(2):	
                 heads += 1
                 if heads > 0:
                      display = str(display + "  " + Heads)
                      label.config(text=display)
                 counter += 1
             else:
                 tails += 1
                 if tails > 0:
                      display = str(display + "  " + Tails)
                      label.config(text=display)
                 counter += 1
        hep = heads * 100 / n
        tap = tails * 100 / n
        h = repr(heads)
        t = repr(tails)
        hp = repr(hep)
        tp = repr(tap)
        display = display + "  "
        label.config(text=display)
        display1 = str("The coin landed on heads " + h + " times.")
        label3.config(text=display1)
        display2 = str("The coin landed on tails " + t + " times.")
        label4.config(text=display2)
        display3 = str("The coin landed on heads " + hp + "% of the time.")
        label5.config(text=display3)
        display4 = str("The coin landed on tails " + tp + "% of the time.")
        label6.config(text=display4)
        btn.config(text=' End ', command=End)
    except UnboundLocalError:
        pass
 
def End():
    display = "Thank you for running Coin Toss."
    label.config(text=display)
    display = ''
    label.config(text=display)
    n = 0
    label.config(text='')
    label2.config(text='')
    label3.config(text='')
    label4.config(text='')
    label5.config(text='')
    label6.config(text='')
    btn.config(text=' Run ', command=Coin_Toss)
 
 
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("DevPython Suite")
 
label = tk.Label(root, text='')
label1 = tk.Label(root, text='Number of times to flip the coin: ')
label2 = tk.Label(root, text='')
label3 = tk.Label(root, text='')
label4 = tk.Label(root, text='')
label5 = tk.Label(root, text='')
label6 = tk.Label(root, text='')
label0 = tk.Label(root, text='Welcome to the Coin Toss Program')
enter = tk.Entry(root)
btn = tk.Button(root, text=' Run ', command=Coin_Toss)
 
label0.grid(row=0, column=0)
label1.grid(row=1, column=0)
enter.grid(row=2,column=0)
btn.grid(row=3,column=0)
label2.grid(row=4,column=0)
label.grid(row=5,column=0)
label3.grid(row=6,column=0)
label4.grid(row=7,column=0)
label5.grid(row=8,column=0)
label6.grid(row=9,column=0)
 
enter.focus_set()
 
root.mainloop()

#insert the lines of code in place of the existing code in the lines mentioned
 
import random, time #line 1
message.config(text=display) #lines 41
label2.config(text=display) #line 56
message.config(text='') #line 60
message = tk.Message(root, text='') #line 72
message.grid(row=5,column=0) #line 88
 
#delete lines 26, 32, 40, 57, 58, & 61

'''
Python31 includes the Tkinter Tile extension Ttk.
 
Ttk comes with 17 widgets, 11 of which already exist in Tkinter: 
Button, Checkbutton, Entry, Frame, Label, LabelFrame, Menubutton, 
PanedWindow, Radiobutton, Scale and Scrollbar 
 
The 6 new widget classes are: 
Combobox, Notebook, Progressbar, Separator, Sizegrip and Treeview
 
For additional info see the Python27 or Python31 manual:
http://gpolo.ath.cx:81/pydoc/library/ttk.html
 
Here the TreeView widget is configured as a multi-column listbox
with adjustable column width and column-header-click sorting.
 
Tested with Python3.1 and Tkinter8.5  by  vegaseat  17jul2009
'''
 
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.font as tkFont
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
 
class McListBox(object):
    """use a ttk.TreeView as a multicolumn ListBox"""
    def __init__(self):
        self.tree = None
        self._setup_widgets()
        self._build_tree()
 
    def _setup_widgets(self):
        s = """\
click on header to sort by that column
to change width of column drag boundary
        """
        msg = ttk.Label(wraplength="4i", justify="left", anchor="n",
            padding=(10, 2, 10, 6), text=s)
        msg.pack(fill='x')
 
        container = ttk.Frame()
        container.pack(fill='both', expand=True)
 
        # create a treeview with dual scrollbars
        self.tree = ttk.Treeview(columns=element_header, show="headings")
        vsb = ttk.Scrollbar(orient="vertical", command=self.tree.yview)
        hsb = ttk.Scrollbar(orient="horizontal", command=self.tree.xview)
        self.tree.configure(yscrollcommand=vsb.set, xscrollcommand=hsb.set)
        self.tree.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='nsew', in_=container)
        vsb.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky='ns', in_=container)
        hsb.grid(column=0, row=1, sticky='ew', in_=container)
 
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
 
    def _build_tree(self):
        for col in element_header:
            self.tree.heading(col, text=col.title(),
                command=lambda c=col: sortby(self.tree, c, 0))
            # adjust the column's width to the header string
            self.tree.column(col, width=tkFont.Font().measure(col.title()))
 
        for item in element_list:
            self.tree.insert('', 'end', values=item)
 
            # adjust column's width if necessary to fit each value
            for ix, val in enumerate(item):
                col_w = tkFont.Font().measure(val)
                if self.tree.column(element_header[ix], width=None) < col_w:
                    self.tree.column(element_header[ix], width=col_w)
 
 
def isnumeric(s):
    """test if a string is numeric"""
    for c in s:
        if c in "1234567890-.":
            numeric = True
        else:
            return False
    return numeric
 
def change_numeric(data):
    """if the data to be sorted is numeric change to float"""
    new_data = []
    if isnumeric(data[0][0]):
        # change child to a float
        for child, col in data:
            new_data.append((float(child), col))
        return new_data
    return data
 
def sortby(tree, col, descending):
    """sort tree contents when a column header is clicked on"""
    # grab values to sort
    data = [(tree.set(child, col), child) for child in tree.get_children('')]
    # if the data to be sorted is numeric change to float
    data =  change_numeric(data)
    # now sort the data in place
    data.sort(reverse=descending)
    for ix, item in enumerate(data):
        tree.move(item[1], '', ix)
    # switch the heading so that it will sort in the opposite direction
    tree.heading(col,
        command=lambda col=col: sortby(tree, col, int(not descending)))
 
 
# the test data ...
element_header = ['symbol', 'name', 'atomic weight', 'melt (K)', 'boil (K)']
element_list = [
('H', 'Hydrogen', '1.00794', '13.81', '20.28') ,
('He', 'Helium', '4.00260', '0.95', '4.216') ,
('Li', 'Lithium', '6.941', '453.7', '1615') ,
('Be', 'Beryllium', '9.01218', '1560', '3243') ,
('B', 'Boron', '10.811', '2365', '4275') ,
('C', 'Carbon', '12.011', '3825', '5100') ,
('N', 'Nitrogen', '14.0067', '63.15', '77.344') ,
('O', 'Oxygen', '15.9994', '54.8', '90.188') ,
('F', 'Fluorine', '18.99840', '53.65', '85.0') 
]
 
root = tk.Tk()
root.wm_title("ttk.TreeView as multicolumn ListBox")
mc_listbox = McListBox()
root.mainloop()

# simple PyQT window with two buttons and one label
# to test pop-up dialogs for getting name and age
# QInputDialog.getText(parent, title, label, echo=QLineEdit.Normal,
#   text=QString(), flags=0)
# QInputDialog.getInt(parent, title, label, value, minValue,
#   maxValue, step=1, flags=0)
# http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/static/Docs/PyQt4/html/qinputdialog.html
 
import sys
# use this import option for simplicity
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
 
class MyForm(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        QWidget.__init__(self)
        # setGeometry(x_pos, y_pos, width, height)
        self.setGeometry(100, 150, 320, 100)
        self.setWindowTitle("Testing dialog input")
 
        self.name = ""
        btn_name = QPushButton("Get Name")
        self.connect(btn_name, SIGNAL("clicked()"), self.get_name)
 
        btn_age = QPushButton("Get Age")
        # bind the button click to a function reference
        self.connect(btn_age, SIGNAL("clicked()"), self.get_age)
 
        self.label = QLabel("------------------")
 
        # use grid layout for the widgets
        grid = QGridLayout()
        # addWidget(widget, row, column, rowSpan=1, columnSpan=1)
        grid.addWidget(btn_name, 0, 0)
        grid.addWidget(btn_age, 1, 0)
        # this will span the label over 3 columns
        grid.addWidget(self.label, 2, 0, 1, 3)
        self.setLayout(grid)
 
    def get_name(self):
        self.name, ok = QInputDialog.getText(self,
                self.tr("Name"),
                self.tr("Enter your name:"))
        self.show_result(ok)
 
    def get_age(self):
        # initial age 0, limit between 1 and 120
        self.age, ok = QInputDialog.getInteger(self,
                self.tr("Age"),
                self.tr("Enter your age:"),
                0, 1, 120)
        self.show_result(ok)
 
    def show_result(self, ok):
        if ok and self.name and str(self.age):
            s = "%s you are %s old" % (self.name, self.age)
        elif ok and self.name and not str(self.age):
            s = self.name
        else:
            s = str(self.age)
        self.label.setText(s)
 
 
app =  QApplication(sys.argv)
form = MyForm()
form.show()
app.exec_()

# Python GUI toolkit Tkinter has 3 different data input dialogs:
# tkSimpleDialog.askstring(title, prompt [,options])
# tkSimpleDialog.askinteger(title, prompt [,options])
# tkSimpleDialog.askfloat(title, prompt [,options])
# does error trapping with int and float, also optional max/min
# there is also an initialvalue=parameter
 
try:
    # for Python2
    import Tkinter as tk
    import tkSimpleDialog as tksd
except ImportError:
    # for Python3
    import tkinter as tk
    import tkinter.simpledialog as tksd
 
 
root = tk.Tk()
 
# parent=root needed to put dialog window on top of parent root window
mystr = tksd.askstring("Dialog (String)", "Enter your name:", parent=root)
print(mystr)
 
age = tksd.askinteger("Dialog (Integer)", "Enter your age:", parent=root,
    minvalue=0, maxvalue=120)
print(age)
 
pay = tksd.askfloat("Dialog (Float)", "Enter your annual pay:",
    parent=root, minvalue=1000)
print(pay)
 
root.mainloop()
 
# optional help
help(tksd)

# PyQT's QLabel widget can display html formatted text
 
import sys
# use this import option for simplicity
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
 
class MyForm(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, html_text):
        QWidget.__init__(self)
        # setGeometry(x_pos, y_pos, width, height)
        self.setGeometry(100, 150, 320, 100)
        self.setWindowTitle("html formatted text")
 
        self.label = QLabel(html_text)
 
        # use grid layout
        grid = QGridLayout()
        # addWidget(widget, row, column, rowSpan=1, columnSpan=1)
        grid.addWidget(self.label, 0, 0)
        self.setLayout(grid)
 
# color is in hex format "#RRGGBB"
html_text = """\
<font face="Times New Roman" size=7 color="#0000FF">
Example of <b>bold</b> html formatted text in blue
</font>
"""
app =  QApplication(sys.argv)
form = MyForm(html_text)
form.show()
app.exec_()
 

# experiments with module pygame
# free from: http://www.pygame.org/
# load and display an image using pygame and Tkinter's file dialog
 
import pygame as pg
 
# initialize pygame
pg.init()
 
#---------- uses Tkinter to open an image filename ------------------
import Tkinter as tk
import tkFileDialog as tkfd
root = tk.Tk()
root.withdraw()
dirname = tkfd.askdirectory()
mask = [("GIF and JPEG files","*.gif *.jpg")]
image_file = tkfd.askopenfilename(initialdir=dirname, filetypes=mask)
#--------------------------------------------------------------------
 
# RGB color tuple used by pygame
white = (255, 255, 255)
 
# create a 300x300 white screen
screen = pg.display.set_mode((300,300))
screen.fill(white)
 
# load the image from a file
image = pg.image.load(image_file)
 
# draw image, position the image ulc at x=50, y=20
screen.blit(image, (50, 20))
 
# nothing gets displayed until one updates the screen
pg.display.flip()
 
# start event loop and wait until
# the user clicks on the window corner x
while True:
    for event in pg.event.get():
        if event.type == pg.QUIT:
            raise SystemExit

# pqt_gridlayout1.py
# start of small calculator
 
import sys
# simple general import
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
 
class GridLayout(QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        self.setWindowTitle('grid layout')
 
        bt_names = ['Cls', 'Bck', '', 'Close',
            '7', '8', '9', '/',
            '4', '5', '6', '*',
            '1', '2', '3', '-',
            '0', '.', '=', '+']
 
        grid = QGridLayout()
 
        pos = [(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (0, 3),
            (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3),
            (2, 0), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3),
            (3, 0), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3 ),
            (4, 0), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3)]
 
        j = 0
        for b in bt_names:
            button = QPushButton(b)
            if j == 2:
                # addWidget(QWidget, row, column, rowSpan, columnSpan)
                grid.addWidget(QLabel(''), 0, 2)
            else: grid.addWidget(button, pos[j][0], pos[j][1])
            j = j + 1
 
        self.setLayout(grid)
 
 
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
qb = GridLayout()
qb.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())