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PHP script to backup mysql

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Re: PHP script to backup mysql

 
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  #11
Sep 16th, 2009
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Originally Posted by veledrom View Post
I have this info in 'User Settings'

Name-------Login name--------Home directory
veledrom ubuntu /home/ubuntu (this is active-bold and black coloured)
root root /root (this looks inactive-grey coloured)

This is what i did before.
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo chown -hR root /var/www/toy

I realise that i use root to login to mysql but in the terminal it shown ubuntu. Is ubuntu still root?

What can i do now? I bet it is something to do with users and permitions as you said, digital
Did you try and see if PHP can write to /var/www/toy/?

The permissions on the file can be viewed with the "ls" command.

eg:

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. ls -l /var/www/toy/

You probably want to chown the /var/www/toy/ to the PHP user.

You can get the user PHP runs as, using:

php Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. <?php
  2. var_dump(posix_getpwuid(posix_geteuid()));
  3. ?>

To test it temporarily, chmod the directory to 777 and see if you get the SQL dump.

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. chmod 777 /var/www/toy

You can change it back to a safer setting when you're done testing.
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Re: PHP script to backup mysql

 
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  #12
Sep 17th, 2009
Hi digital,

I have done the tests. I give you the result i got. It may be useful info for you to direct me what to do.

Thanks

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. <?php
  2. $result = file_put_contents('/var/www/toy/test.txt', 'hi');
  3. var_dump($result);
  4. ?>
gives this error
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. Warning: file_put_contents(/var/www/toy/test.txt) [function.file-put-contents]: failed to open stream: Permission denied in /var/www/in.php on line 2
  2. bool(false)

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. ls -l /var/www/toy/
prints info given below
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu   731 2009-09-16 15:56 index.php
  2. -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu   731 2009-09-16 15:56 index.php~
  3. -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 20576 2009-09-11 11:23 toy-11-09-2009_11:10:46.sql

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. var_dump(posix_getpwuid(posix_geteuid()));
prints info given below
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. array(7) {
  2.   ["name"]=>
  3.   string(8) "www-data"
  4.   ["passwd"]=>
  5.   string(1) "x"
  6.   ["uid"]=>
  7.   int(33)
  8.   ["gid"]=>
  9.   int(33)
  10.   ["gecos"]=>
  11.   string(8) "www-data"
  12.   ["dir"]=>
  13.   string(8) "/var/www"
  14.   ["shell"]=>
  15.   string(7) "/bin/sh"
  16. }
Last edited by veledrom; Sep 17th, 2009 at 5:39 am. Reason: .
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Re: PHP script to backup mysql

 
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  #13
Sep 17th, 2009
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Originally Posted by veledrom View Post
Hi digital,

I have done the tests. I give you the result i got. It may be useful info for you to direct me what to do.

Thanks

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. <?php
  2. $result = file_put_contents('/var/www/toy/test.txt', 'hi');
  3. var_dump($result);
  4. ?>
gives this error
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. Warning: file_put_contents(/var/www/toy/test.txt) [function.file-put-contents]: failed to open stream: Permission denied in /var/www/in.php on line 2
  2. bool(false)

You can see here that PHP cannot write to that folder.

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Originally Posted by veledrom View Post

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. ls -l /var/www/toy/
prints info given below
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu   731 2009-09-16 15:56 index.php
  2. -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu   731 2009-09-16 15:56 index.php~
  3. -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 20576 2009-09-11 11:23 toy-11-09-2009_11:10:46.sql
The files in the folder are owned by ubuntu and group ubuntu.

-rw-r--r-- means user can read and write, group can read, world (anyone else) can read.

ie:
the groups are: user, group and world.
the access flags are: (r)ead, (w)rite, e(x)ecute

User Group World
- rw- r-- r--

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Originally Posted by veledrom View Post

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. var_dump(posix_getpwuid(posix_geteuid()));
prints info given below
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. array(7) {
  2.   ["name"]=>
  3.   string(8) "www-data"
  4.   ["passwd"]=>
  5.   string(1) "x"
  6.   ["uid"]=>
  7.   int(33)
  8.   ["gid"]=>
  9.   int(33)
  10.   ["gecos"]=>
  11.   string(8) "www-data"
  12.   ["dir"]=>
  13.   string(8) "/var/www"
  14.   ["shell"]=>
  15.   string(7) "/bin/sh"
  16. }
The PHP process belongs to the user "www-data".

The user "www-data" cannot write to the folder /var/www/toy/, since only the user "ubuntu" has write privileges to it.

You'll need to give www-data privileges to write to /var/www/toy/. The simplest way is it log in as "root" or "ubuntu", and chown /var/www/toy/ to the user www-data.

eg:

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. sudo chown www-data /var/www/toy/

Then you should be able to have PHP write to it.

Note:

The reason you can write to that folder from the shell is because you're logged in as "ubuntu". Thus when you start mysqladmin, the process belongs to "ubuntu". However, when mysqladmin is started from PHP by Apache, the process belongs to the Apache user "www-data".

Another method:

What you can also do, to overcome problems like this is to create a script that will do the backups for you, and have the setuid flag set for that script. You can even write it in PHP.

eg:

php Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. #!/usr/bin/php
  2. <?php
  3.  
  4. exec("/usr/bin/mysqldump -u root -h localhost toy > /var/www/toy/toy-`date +%d-%m-%Y-%H:%M:%S`.sql", $stdout $exit_status);
  5.  
  6. // just echo the output
  7. echo implode("\n", $stdout);
  8.  
  9. if (!$exit_status) { 
  10. // something went wrong 
  11. exit($exit_status);
  12. }
  13.  
  14. // all ok
  15. exit(0);
  16.  
  17. ?>

Note the shebang is needed:

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. #!/usr/bin/php

This tells the shell to run it though the PHP interpreter.

Say you save the file as:

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. db-backup.php

You must then invoke it as:

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. ./db-backup.php

Now you have to set the setuid flag on the script, so that when it is executed, the process belongs to the file owner, instead of the parent process that started it.

eg:

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. su ubuntu
  2. chmod ug+s db-backup.php

This means when db-backup.php is executed, the process will be owned by ubuntu.

Now to run your script from PHP started by Apache:

php Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. <?php
  2.  
  3. exec("./db-backup.php");
  4.  
  5. ?>
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Re: PHP script to backup mysql

 
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  #14
Sep 17th, 2009
Hi digital,

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. sudo chown www-data /var/www/toy/
solved the problem. I can backup with php. However, i also want to be able to see the backup files stored in that folder. Now i cannot see because ubuntu has no permission.

Thanks in advance
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Re: PHP script to backup mysql

 
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  #15
Sep 17th, 2009
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Originally Posted by veledrom View Post
Hi digital,

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. sudo chown www-data /var/www/toy/
solved the problem. I can backup with php. However, i also want to be able to see the backup files stored in that folder. Now i cannot see because ubuntu has no permission.

Thanks in advance
You cannot see the files when you do `ls` as ubuntu? What if you do it as root?

PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. sudo ls /var/www/toy/
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Re: PHP script to backup mysql

 
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  #16
Sep 18th, 2009
OK. Now i can see them all as ubuntu with this one.
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod 777 /var/www/toy

Before i mark this as solved i just want to make sure that this command doesn't expose security issues!!!
What do you think digital?

Sorry i am new in linux but geting there slowly.
Last edited by veledrom; Sep 18th, 2009 at 3:57 pm. Reason: .
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Re: PHP script to backup mysql

 
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  #17
Sep 19th, 2009
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Originally Posted by veledrom View Post
OK. Now i can see them all as ubuntu with this one.
PHP Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
  1. ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo chmod 777 /var/www/toy

Before i mark this as solved i just want to make sure that this command doesn't expose security issues!!!
What do you think digital?

Sorry i am new in linux but geting there slowly.
If you're on a shared system it is not a good idea to have world writable directories or files.

Best is to use the least privileges that does the job.
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