const Item* Library::addBook(const string& title, const string& author, const int nPages)
{
    Item* book = new Book(title, author, nPages);
    lib->insert(book); //lib is a set<Item*> container
    return book;
}

Library::~Library()
{
	for(ItemSet::iterator itr = lib->begin();itr != lib->end();itr++)  //Causes access violation
		delete *itr;
	delete lib;  //No problem
	delete temp;  //No problem
}

// make no changes to this code, except to have it
// print out your actual name instead of "your name"
 
#include <iostream>
#include "Library.h"
 
using namespace std;
 
static Library  *library;
....
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
....
    const Item	*item;
....
	// create library instance
	library = new Library();
....
    item = library->addBook();
    if (item != NULL) {
//Do Stuff with item pointer
        }
....
	delete library;  //The only occurrence of delete in this routine
....
}

iterator begin()
{	// return iterator for beginning of mutable sequence
	return (_TREE_ITERATOR(_Lmost())); //Access violation
}

delete library;

Item* book = new Book(title, author, nPages);
delete book; // ~Book() will not be invoked

Detected memory leaks!
Dumping objects ->
{147} normal block at 0x003363E8, 11 bytes long.
 Data: <class Book > 63 6C 61 73 73 20 42 6F 6F 6B 00 
{146} normal block at 0x003363A0, 8 bytes long.
 Data: < c3     > E8 63 33 00 00 00 00 00 
Object dump complete.

// make no changes to this code, except to have it
// print out your actual name instead of "your name"
 
#ifdef _WIN32
#define _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <crtdbg.h>
#endif
 
#include <iostream>
#include "Library.h"
 
using namespace std;
 
static Library  *library;
 
static void printItemSet(ostream& out, const ItemSet *itemSet)
{
    if (itemSet != NULL && itemSet->size() > 0)
		for (ItemSet::const_iterator i = itemSet->begin(); i != itemSet->end(); i++)
			library->printItem(out, (Item *) *i);
	else
		out << "none" << endl << endl;
}
 
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ostream&	out(cout);
    const Item	*item;
 
	// create library instance
	library = new Library();
 
    // add items to library
    cout << ">>> adding items to library:\n\n";
    item = library->addBook("Book Title", "Joe Author", 249);
    if (item != NULL) {
        library->addKeywordForItem(item, "Keyword one");
        library->addKeywordForItem(item, "Another keyword");
		library->printItem(cout, item);
        }
 
//Two more books added like the one above
 
    cout << ">>> books:\n\n";
    printItemSet(out, library->books());
 
    // print items for keyword
    cout << ">>> items for keyword \"Keyword one\"\n\n";
    printItemSet(out, library->itemsForKeyword("Keyword one"));
 
    // items for artist
    cout << ">>> books by Author:\n\n";
    printItemSet(cout, library->booksByAuthor("Author"));
 
	delete library;
 
// in Visual Studio, reports on memory leaks in the Output window
#ifdef _WIN32
	_CrtDumpMemoryLeaks();
#endif
}

#pragma once
 
#include <ostream>
#include <set>
#include <string>
 
using namespace std;
 
typedef set<string>	StringSet;
 
class Item
{
protected:
	string title;
	string artist;
	StringSet* keywords;
 
public:
	Item(const string& title, const string& artist);
	virtual ~Item();
	void addKeyword(const string& keyword) const;
	const string* getTitle() const;
	const string* getArtist() const;
	const StringSet* getKeywords() const;
	string printKeywords(const StringSet* keywords) const;
	virtual void print(ostream& out) const;
};
 
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Item* const item);

#include "Item.h"
 
Item::Item(const string& title, const string& artist)
:title(title),artist(artist),keywords(new StringSet)
{
}
 
Item::~Item()
{
	delete keywords;
}
 
void Item::addKeyword(const string& keyword) const
{
	keywords->insert(keyword);
}
 
const string* Item::getTitle() const
{
	return &title;
}
 
const string* Item::getArtist() const
{
	return &artist;
}
 
const StringSet* Item::getKeywords() const
{
	return keywords;
}
 
string Item::printKeywords(const StringSet* keywords) const
{
	string kwString;
	StringSet::const_iterator itr;
 
	for(itr = keywords->begin();itr != keywords->end();itr++)
		kwString.append(*itr + ", ");
	kwString.erase(kwString.end() - 2, kwString.end());
	return kwString;
}
 
void Item::print(ostream& out) const
{
	out << "Should not be printing this!" << endl;
}
 
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Item* item)
{
	item->print(out);
	return out;
}

#include "Item.h"
 
using namespace std;
 
class Book : public Item
{
public:
	Book(const string& title, const string& artist, const int nPages);
	~Book();
	const int getnPages() const;
	virtual void print(ostream& out) const;
 
private:
	int numPages;
};
 
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Book* book);

#include "Book.h"
 
Book::Book(const string& title, const string& artist, const int nPages)
:Item(title, artist), numPages(nPages)
{
}
 
Book::~Book()
{
}
 
const int Book::getnPages() const
{
	return numPages;
}
 
void Book::print(ostream& out) const
{
	out << "-Book-" << endl;
	out << "author:    " << *this->getArtist() << endl;
	out << "pages:     " << this->getnPages() << endl;
	out << "title:     " << *this->getTitle() << endl;
	out << "keywords:  " << this->printKeywords(this->getKeywords()) << endl;
	out << endl;
}
 
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Book* book)
{
	book->print(out);
	return out;
}

#pragma once
 
#include <ostream>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <typeinfo>
#include "Item.h"
#include "Book.h"
 
using namespace std;
 
typedef set<Item*>				ItemSet;
 
class Library
{
 
public:
	// Constructor
	Library();
 
	// Destructor
	~Library();
 
	// general functions
 
	void addKeywordForItem(const Item* const item, const string& keyword);
	const ItemSet* itemsForKeyword(const string& keyword) const;
	void printItem(ostream& out, const Item* const item) const;
 
	// book-related functions
 
	const Item* addBook(const string& title, const string& author, int const nPages);
	const ItemSet* booksByAuthor(const string& author) const;
	const ItemSet* books() const;
 
private:
	ItemSet* lib;
	ItemSet* temp;
};

#include "Library.h"
 
Library::Library()
:lib(new ItemSet), temp(new ItemSet)
{
}
 
Library::~Library()
{
	for(ItemSet::iterator itr = lib->begin();itr != lib->end();itr++)
		delete *itr;
	delete lib;
	delete temp;
}
 
// general functions
 
void Library::addKeywordForItem(const Item* const item, const string& keyword)
{
	item->addKeyword(keyword);
}
 
const ItemSet* Library::itemsForKeyword(const string& keyword) const
{
	StringSet* kw;
 
	temp->clear();
	for(ItemSet::iterator itr = lib->begin();itr != lib->end();itr++)
	{
		kw = const_cast<StringSet*>((*itr)->getKeywords());
		if((kw->find(keyword)) != kw->end())
			temp->insert(*itr);
	}
	return temp;
}
 
void Library::printItem(ostream& out, const Item* const item) const
{
	out << item;
}
 
// book-related functions
 
const Item* Library::addBook(const string& title, const string& author, const int nPages)
{
	Item* book = new Book(title, author, nPages);
	lib->insert(book);
	return book;
}
 
const ItemSet* Library::booksByAuthor(const string& author) const
{
	string book = "class Book";
 
	temp->clear();
	for(ItemSet::iterator itr = lib->begin();itr != lib->end();itr++)
	{
		if(book.compare(typeid(*(*itr)).name()) == 0)
		{
			if(author.compare(*(*itr)->getArtist()) == 0)
				temp->insert(*itr);
		}
	}
	return temp;
}
 
const ItemSet* Library::books() const
{
	string book = "class Book";
 
	temp->clear();
	for(ItemSet::iterator itr = lib->begin();itr != lib->end();itr++)
	{
		if(book.compare(typeid(*(*itr)).name()) == 0)
			temp->insert(*itr);
	}
	return temp;
}