# select 6 unique lotto numbers from 1 - 49
 
import random
 
lotto_list = random.sample(range(1, 50), 6)
 
print lotto_list
print sorted(lotto_list)
 
"""
possible result --->
[49, 43, 8, 42, 1, 33]
[1, 8, 33, 42, 43, 49]
"""

# run DOS cmd.exe from Python code
# works on XP, but may not work on Windows Vista
 
import subprocess
 
cmd = "cmd.exe"
command = "dir c:"
 
p = subprocess.Popen(cmd,
    shell=True,
    #bufsize=1,
    stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
    stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
    stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
 
# the \n is important to flush buffer
p.stdin.write("%s\n" % command)
 
p.stdin.close()
# give it enough time to respond
p.wait()
 
# optional check (0 = success)
print p.returncode
 
# read the result to a string
result = p.stdout.read()
print result
 
# optionally read any error message returned
error = p.stderr.read()
print "error =", error

# read each digit of a phone number using module pyglet
# download module pyglet from: http://www.pyglet.org/download.html
# soundfiles 0.wav ... 9.wav are in subdirectory num
# extract the Numbers.zip file into your working directory
 
import pyglet
import time
 
#window = pyglet.window.Window(640, 480)
 
# read all the sound sources into a list
sound = []
for n in range(0, 10):
    # soundfiles 0.wav ... 9.wav are in subdirectory num
    sound_file = "num/%s.wav" % n
    #print sound_file 
    sound.append(pyglet.media.load(sound_file, streaming=False))
 
# create an instance of the media player class
# for better control
s = pyglet.media.Player()
# optional volume setting 0.0 to 1.0
s.volume = 0.8
 
# read out a phone number string
phone_number_str = '734-344-9941'
for n in phone_number_str:
    if n.isdigit(): 
        s.queue(sound[int(n)])
        s.play()
        # give each digit play() time to finish properly
        # you might have to experiment with sleep seconds
        time.sleep(0.8)
        s.next()
    time.sleep(0.4)
 
pyglet.app.run()

# make a true copy of a nested list
 
import copy
 
nested_list = [1, [2, 3], 4]
copied_list = copy.deepcopy(nested_list)
 
# a regular list copy looks alright at first
copied_list2 = nested_list[:]
 
print nested_list   # [1, [2, 3], 4]
print copied_list   # [1, [2, 3], 4]
print copied_list2  # [1, [2, 3], 4]
 
print '-'*20
 
# change the orignal list
nested_list[1][0] = 99
 
# but the test shows a surprise!
print nested_list   # [1, [99, 3], 4]
print copied_list   # [1, [2, 3], 4]
# with simple copy the inner list is just an alias 
print copied_list2  # [1, [99, 3], 4]  oops!

# basic experiments with Python class
 
class Cat(object):
    # this is public
    cost = 100
    # this is private to the class
    __price = cost + cost * 0.25  
    # constructor
    def __init__(self, num=1):
        self.num = num
        self.sound = "meow " * self.num
        print self.sound
 
    def own(self):
        print "I own", self.num, "cats"
 
    def paid(self):
        self.total = self.__price * self.num
        print "I paid", self.total, "for my cats"
 
    def kitten(self):
        self.kit = 5
        print "One cat just had", self.kit, "kittens"
        return self.kit
 
 
class Dog(object):
    # this is public
    cost = 400
    # this is private to the class
    __price = cost + cost * 0.25  
    # constructor
    def __init__(self, num=1):
        self.num = num
        self.sound = "woof " * self.num
        print self.sound
 
    def own(self):
        print "I own", self.num, "dogs"
 
    def paid(self):
        self.total = self.__price * self.num
        print "I paid", self.total, "for my dogs"
 
 
class Pets(Cat, Dog):
    """class Pets inherits class Cat and class Dog"""
    # constructor
    def __init__(self):
        self.num = cat.num + dog.num
        self.sound = cat.sound + dog.sound 
        print self.sound
 
    def own(self):
        print "I own", self.num, "pets"
 
    def paid(self):
        print "I paid", dog.total + cat.total, "for my pets"
 
    def update(self):
        # notice how Pets inherited kitten() from class Cat
        self.kit = self.kitten()
        print "So now I have", self.num + self.kit, "pets"
 
 
cat = Cat(3)
cat.own()
cat.paid()
 
print '-'*30
 
dog = Dog(2)
dog.own()
dog.paid()
 
print '-'*30
 
pets = Pets()
pets.own()
pets.paid()
 
print '-'*30
 
pets.update()
 
"""
my output -->
meow meow meow 
I own 3 cats
I paid 375.0 for my cats
------------------------------
woof woof 
I own 2 dogs
I paid 1000.0 for my dogs
------------------------------
meow meow meow woof woof 
I own 5 pets
I paid 1375.0 for my pets
------------------------------
One cat just had 5 kittens
So now I have 10 pets
"""

# draw random circles with module pygame
# pygame free from: http://www.pygame.org/ 
 
import pygame as pg
import random as rn
 
# color rgb tuples
black = 0, 0, 0
blue = 0, 0, 255
green = 0, 255, 0
olive = 128, 128, 0
orange = 255, 165, 0
magenta = 255, 0, 255 
red = 255, 0, 0
yellow = 255, 255, 0
white = 255, 255, 255
color_list = [red, blue, green, yellow, olive, orange, magenta]
 
# window/screen width and height
w = 500
h = 500 
screen = pg.display.set_mode((w, h))
pg.display.set_caption('Draw a number of random circles')
screen.fill(black)
 
# draw n circles
n = 20 
for k in range(n):
    x = rn.randint(10, w)
    y = rn.randint(10, h)
    radius = rn.randint(2, h//3)
    color = rn.choice(color_list) 
    position = x, y
    # circle border width = 2  
    pg.draw.circle(screen, color, position, radius, 2)
 
# update display 
pg.display.flip()
 
# event loop ...
running = True 
while running:
    for event in pg.event.get():
        # quit when window corner x is clicked
        if event.type == pg.QUIT:
            running = False

# using module gasp to draw an arc, a box, plots and circles
#
# info: GASP (Graphics API for Students of Python)
# A library built on pygame that enables absolute beginners to 
# write 1980's style arcade games as an introduction to python.
#
# free download from:
# http://dev.laptop.org/pub/gasp/releases/SOURCES/python-gasp-0.1.1.tar.bz2
# unpack python-gasp-0.1.1.tar.bz2 and copy the 'gasp' subdirectory 
# into your python path eg. C:\Python25\lib\site-packages\gasp
 
from gasp import *
 
# rgb color tuples
black = 0, 0, 0
blue = 0, 0, 255
brown = 165, 42, 42
green = 0, 255, 0
orange = 255, 165, 0 
red = 255, 0, 0
white = 255, 255, 255
yellow = 255, 255, 0
 
begin_graphics()
 
t = Text("Huston, we have a problem!", (100,420), color=blue, size=40)
 
# Line(from (x, Y), to (x, y))
q1 = Line((30, 400), (500, 400), color=black)
q2 = Line((30, 395), (500, 395), color=yellow)
q3 = Line((30, 390), (500, 390), color=black)
 
# Arc(center (x, y), radius, degrees_start, degrees_end)
# degrees relative to x axis (horizontal)
a = Arc((100,200), 100, 30, 330, filled=True, color=red)
 
# Box(lower_left_corner (x, y), width, height)
b1 = Box((100, 100), 200, 200, color=blue, thickness=5)
b2 = Box((10, 50), 500, 20, filled=True, color=brown)
 
# Circle(center (x, y), radius)
c1 = Circle((420,200), 100, filled=True, color=green)
c2 = Circle((420,200), 120, color=orange, thickness=5)
 
# Plot(center (x, y)) a filled rectangle of given size
p1 = Plot((550,380), color=red, size=10)
p2 = Plot((550,60), color=blue, size=10)
 
sleep(5)  # wait 5 seconds
 
end_graphics()

w = h = d = 10  # for testing
for x in range(0, w):
    for y in range(0, h):
        for z in range(0, d):
            print x, y, z
            stop = raw_input("Stop? y/n")
            # alas this will only break out of the z loop
            if stop == "y":
                break

def nested_loop():
    """use of return to exit a nested loop"""
    w = h = d = 10  # for testing
    for x in range(0, w):
        for y in range(0, h):
            for z in range(0, d):
                print x, y, z
                stop = raw_input("Stop? y/n")
                if stop == "y":
                    return
 
nested_loop()

# use of try/except to exit a nested loop
w = h = d = 10  # for testing
try:
    for x in range(0, w):
        for y in range(0, h):
            for z in range(0, d):
                print x, y, z
                if raw_input("Stop? y/n") == "y":
                    raise StopIteration()
except StopIteration:
    pass

def has_cap(text):
    """return True if text contains a capital letter"""
    for ch in text:
        # character ch is between A and Z inclusive
        if 'A' <= ch <= 'Z':
            return True
    return False
 
text1 = 'the Good die young, Pricks live forever!'
text2 = 'the good die young, pricks live forever!'
print 'text1 =', text1 
print 'text2 =', text2
 
# test the function has_cap()
if has_cap(text1):
    print "text1 has a capital letter"
else:
    print "text1 has no capital letter"
 
if has_cap(text2):
    print "text2 has a capital letter"
else:
    print "text2 has no capital letter"

# access Python3 features like / for float division
 
from __future__ import division
 
print "Enter a math statement like 355/113 or (2+3)/2 ..."
while True:
    result = input("Statement: ")
    print result
    if raw_input("Continue? (y, n)").lower() == 'n': break