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Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 28th, 2005

Hmm...how do i go about doing a conversion only the first letter of the string?

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 28th, 2005

First figure out how to tell the first character of a word.

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>

int main(void)
{
   char *ch, text[] = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.";
   int word = 0;
   for ( ch = text; *ch; ++ch )
   {
      if ( isalpha(*ch) )
      {
         if ( !word )
         {
            word = 1;
            printf("The start of a new word is '%c'\n", *ch);
         }
      }
      else
      {
         word = 0;
      }
   }
   return 0;
}

/* my output
The start of a new word is 'T'
The start of a new word is 'q'
The start of a new word is 'b'
The start of a new word is 'f'
The start of a new word is 'j'
The start of a new word is 'o'
The start of a new word is 't'
The start of a new word is 'l'
The start of a new word is 'd'
*/

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 29th, 2005

Hi,

I have declared a string:

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 C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
char title[MAXTITLE] = "the Empire Strikes Back";
char title[MAXTITLE] = "the Empire Strikes Back";

and a function to convert the first letter of the string 't' to 'T'

 Help with Code Tags 
 C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
void convertToUpperCase(char *sPtr)
{
      while(*sPtr != '\0')
      {
         if (islower(*sPtr))
              *sPtr = toupper(*sPtr);
       }
}
void convertToUpperCase(char *sPtr)
{
      while(*sPtr != '\0')
      {
         if (islower(*sPtr))
              *sPtr = toupper(*sPtr);
       }
}

<< moderator edit: added [code][/code] tags >>

Is not working tho...can someone help me on this problem? Thank you!!!!

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 29th, 2005

>and a function to convert the first letter of the string 't' to 'T'

No. You have a function to convert the entire string to uppercase. (That is, it would if you would increment the pointer so the loop would eventually terminate.) If you are not intending to loop, you function becomes even more trivial.

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 C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
void convertToUpperCase(char *sPtr)
{
   *sPtr = toupper(*sPtr);
}
void convertToUpperCase(char *sPtr)
{
   *sPtr = toupper(*sPtr);
}

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 29th, 2005

>*sPtr = toupper(*sPtr);

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 C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
*sPtr = toupper ( (unsigned char)*sPtr );
*sPtr = toupper ( (unsigned char)*sPtr );

Since you can't be sure that *sPtr was a character returned by a standard input function. Better safe than sorry in these situations.

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 29th, 2005

•

Originally Posted by Narue

>*sPtr = toupper(*sPtr);
Help with Code Tags

C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text)
*sPtr = toupper ( (unsigned char)*sPtr );
*sPtr = toupper ( (unsigned char)*sPtr );
Since you can't be sure that *sPtr was a character returned by a standard input function. Better safe than sorry in these situations.

Since I had to refresh my memory, I'll let everyone else in on it too.
http://www.stanford.edu/~blp/writing...type-cast.html

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 29th, 2005

•

Originally Posted by Narue

>*sPtr = toupper(*sPtr);
Help with Code Tags

C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text)
*sPtr = toupper ( (unsigned char)*sPtr );
*sPtr = toupper ( (unsigned char)*sPtr );
Since you can't be sure that *sPtr was a character returned by a standard input function. Better safe than sorry in these situations.

I have tried this function, it did convert the letter 't' to 'T' however the output prints 'T' only and not the string. When i do a for loop yes it prints the string but every word becomes a capital letter.

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 29th, 2005

>When i do a for loop yes it prints the string but every word becomes a capital letter.
If you only want the first letter to be capitalized, only call the function on the first character:

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 C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
char s[] = "this is a test";
 
s[0] = toupper ( s[0] );
printf ( "%s\n", s );
char s[] = "this is a test";

s[0] = toupper ( s[0] );
printf ( "%s\n", s );

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

Apr 30th, 2005

•

Originally Posted by Narue

>When i do a for loop yes it prints the string but every word becomes a capital letter.
If you only want the first letter to be capitalized, only call the function on the first character:
Help with Code Tags

C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text)
char s[] = "this is a test";
 
s[0] = toupper ( s[0] );
printf ( "%s\n", s );
char s[] = "this is a test"; s[0] = toupper ( s[0] ); printf ( "%s\n", s );

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 C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
#define MAXTITLE 128
 
using namespace std;
 
void PrintCharacters(const char *);
void covertToUppercase(char title);
 
int main()
{
	char title[MAXTITLE] = "the Empire Strikes Back";
 
	//cout << "Enter title: ";
	//cin >> title;
 
	cout << "Before converting to Upper Case: ";
	PrintCharacters(title);
	cout << endl;
 
	cout << "After converting to Upper Case: ";
	covertToUppercase(title);
	cout << endl;
 
return 0;
}
 
void PrintCharacters(const char * sPtr)
{
	for(; *sPtr != '\0'; sPtr++)
		cout << *sPtr;
}
 
void covertToUppercase(char title)
{
	title[0] = toupper(title[0]);
	cout << title;
 
	/*
	for (; *sPtr !='\0'; sPtr++)
	{
		*sPtr = toupper ((unsigned char) *sPtr);	
			cout << *sPtr;	
	}
	*/
	/*
	while (*sPtr != '\0')
	{
		if (islower(*sPtr))
			*sPtr = toupper((unsigned char)*sPtr);
			cout << *sPtr;
	sPtr++;
	}
	*/
}
#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
#define MAXTITLE 128

using namespace std;

void PrintCharacters(const char *);
void covertToUppercase(char title);

int main()
{
	char title[MAXTITLE] = "the Empire Strikes Back";
	
	//cout << "Enter title: ";
	//cin >> title;

	cout << "Before converting to Upper Case: ";
	PrintCharacters(title);
	cout << endl;

	cout << "After converting to Upper Case: ";
	covertToUppercase(title);
	cout << endl;
	
return 0;
}

void PrintCharacters(const char * sPtr)
{
	for(; *sPtr != '\0'; sPtr++)
		cout << *sPtr;
}

void covertToUppercase(char title)
{
	title[0] = toupper(title[0]);
	cout << title;

	/*
	for (; *sPtr !='\0'; sPtr++)
	{
		*sPtr = toupper ((unsigned char) *sPtr);	
			cout << *sPtr;	
	}
	*/
	/*
	while (*sPtr != '\0')
	{
		if (islower(*sPtr))
			*sPtr = toupper((unsigned char)*sPtr);
			cout << *sPtr;
	sPtr++;
	}
	*/
}

 Help with Code Tags 
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titles.cpp: In function `int main()':
titles.cpp:22: error: invalid conversion from `char*' to `char'
titles.cpp:22: error:   initializing argument 1 of `void covertToUppercase(char)'
titles.cpp: In function `void covertToUppercase(char)':
titles.cpp:36: error: invalid types `char[int]' for array subscript
titles.cpp:36: error: invalid types `char[int]' for array subscript
 
titles.cpp: In function `int main()':
titles.cpp:22: error: invalid conversion from `char*' to `char'
titles.cpp:22: error:   initializing argument 1 of `void covertToUppercase(char)'
titles.cpp: In function `void covertToUppercase(char)':
titles.cpp:36: error: invalid types `char[int]' for array subscript
titles.cpp:36: error: invalid types `char[int]' for array subscript

<< moderator edit: added [code][/code] tags >>

Sorry to bother you guys again, can you kindly explain where have i gone wrong? I know it will be easier if i could use string libraries but i ain't allowed to do so. Can you kindly help me out on this? Thank you.

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Re: Convert first character from lowercase to uppercase?

#10

Apr 30th, 2005

 Help with Code Tags 
 C Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
void covertToUppercase(char title);
void covertToUppercase(char title);

This is different from...

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void covertToUppercase(char *title);

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