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Using isspace with white spaces

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Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

How do i use the function isspace to take sentences read into an array and make multiple spaces only one space between words? Use an if statement?

if (isspace(aChar) )
cout << aChar;

else (

Not sure what I need here.

Last edited by matrimforever; Nov 17th, 2006 at 1:03 am.

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WolfPack

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Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

Are you reading the sentence all at once, or word by word?

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Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

im trying to take user input in the form of a sentence putting it in an array and then print out changes: Capitalize the first letter, then the rest of the letters are lower case. If there are multiple spaces, make them only one. Maybe I don't have to use isspace?

 Help with Code Tags 
 C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
    char sentence[SIZE];
cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << endl;
cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);
 
for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
        sentence[i] = tolower(sentence[i]);
for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
        sentence[i] = toupper(sentence[i]);    
//if (isspace(sentence))
    cout << sentence;
 
return 0;
system("PAUSE");
}
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
    char sentence[SIZE];
cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << endl;
cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);

for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
        sentence[i] = tolower(sentence[i]);
for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
        sentence[i] = toupper(sentence[i]);    
//if (isspace(sentence))
    cout << sentence;
    
return 0;
system("PAUSE");
}

Last edited by matrimforever; Nov 17th, 2006 at 2:07 am.

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Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

Output the characters in a loop. Keep track of the previous character you've output. If it was a space, then if the current character is a space, don't output it.

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Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

Not sure how to output using a loop? Can you show me please?

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WolfPack

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Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

•

Originally Posted by matrimforever

Maybe I don't have to use isspace?

Yeah. You dont. Consider the use of std::string and std:stringstream.

Anyway this should do for now.

 Help with Code Tags 
 c Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
   /*
    *   Remember to initialize char arrays
    */
    char sentence[SIZE] = "";
    std::cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << std::endl;
    std::cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);
 
   /*
    *   Remove leading spaces
    */
    int i = 0;
    while( i < SIZE && isspace( sentence[i] ))
    {
        i++;
    };
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i == SIZE )
        return 0;
   /*
    *   Capitalize the first non-space character
    */
    std::cout << (char)toupper(sentence[i++]);
   /*
    *   Start after the leading spaces
    *   Note that this will leave a trailing space,
    *   but that wont be seen.
    */
    for ( ; i < SIZE; )
    {
        std::cout << (char)tolower(sentence[i]);
        if (isspace( sentence[i] ))
        {
            do
            {
                i++;
            }
            while( i < SIZE && isspace( sentence[i] ) );
        }
        else
        {
            i++;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
   /*
    *   Remember to initialize char arrays
    */
    char sentence[SIZE] = "";
    std::cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << std::endl;
    std::cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);

   /*
    *   Remove leading spaces
    */
    int i = 0;
    while( i < SIZE && isspace( sentence[i] ))
    {
        i++;
    };
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i == SIZE )
        return 0;
   /*
    *   Capitalize the first non-space character
    */
    std::cout << (char)toupper(sentence[i++]);
   /*
    *   Start after the leading spaces
    *   Note that this will leave a trailing space,
    *   but that wont be seen.
    */
    for ( ; i < SIZE; )
    {
        std::cout << (char)tolower(sentence[i]);
        if (isspace( sentence[i] ))
        {
            do
            {
                i++;
            }
            while( i < SIZE && isspace( sentence[i] ) );
        }
        else
        {
            i++;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

Last edited by WolfPack; Nov 17th, 2006 at 3:28 am. Reason: Added bounds checking, changed do-while to for

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WaltP

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Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

•

Originally Posted by matrimforever

Not sure how to output using a loop? Can you show me please?

Simple. Using your code, and formatting it correctly with proper indentation -- please learn this. As your programs grow, they will become unreadable without proper formatting:

 Help with Code Tags 
 C++ Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
    char sentence[SIZE];
    cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << endl;
    cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);
 
    for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
    {    
//      sentence[i] = tolower(sentence[i]);
        cout << tolower(sentence[i]);   // output
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
    {
//      sentence[i] = toupper(sentence[i]);    
        cout << toupper(sentence[i]);    // output
    }
//  return 0;        // wrong place 
 
//  system("PAUSE");  // Yech!!!!  Don't use this
    getchar();         // instead...
 
    return 0;        // right place 
}
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
    char sentence[SIZE];
    cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << endl;
    cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);

    for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
    {    
//      sentence[i] = tolower(sentence[i]);
        cout << tolower(sentence[i]);   // output
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
    {
//      sentence[i] = toupper(sentence[i]);    
        cout << toupper(sentence[i]);    // output
    }
//  return 0;        // wrong place 

//  system("PAUSE");  // Yech!!!!  Don't use this
    getchar();         // instead...

    return 0;        // right place 
}

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Join Date: Jun 2005

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WolfPack

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Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

Here is one that removes the trailing spaces too.

 Help with Code Tags 
 c Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
   /*
    *   Remember to initialize char arrays
    */
    char sentence[SIZE] = "";
    std::cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << std::endl;
    std::cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);
    int len = strlen( sentence );
   /*
    *   Remove trailing spaces
    */
    int i = len -1;
    while ( i >= 0 && isspace( sentence[i] ) )
    {
        i--;
    }
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i < 0 )
    {
        return 0;
    }
    /*
     * Terminate the sentence before the trailing spaces and
     * update the new length
     */
    sentence[ i + 1 ] = 0;
    len = strlen( sentence );
   /*
    *   Remove leading spaces
    */
    i = 0;
    while( i < len && isspace( sentence[i] ))
    {
        i++;
    };
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i == len )
        return 0;
   /*
    *   Capitalize the first non-space character
    */
    std::cout << (char)toupper(sentence[i++]);
   /*
    *   Start after the leading spaces
    */
    for ( ; i < len; )
    {
        std::cout << (char)tolower(sentence[i]);
        if (isspace( sentence[i] ))
        {
            do
            {
                i++;
            }
            while( i < len && isspace( sentence[i] ) );
        }
        else
        {
            i++;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
   /*
    *   Remember to initialize char arrays
    */
    char sentence[SIZE] = "";
    std::cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << std::endl;
    std::cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);
    int len = strlen( sentence );
   /*
    *   Remove trailing spaces
    */
    int i = len -1;
    while ( i >= 0 && isspace( sentence[i] ) )
    {
        i--;
    }
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i < 0 )
    {
        return 0;
    }
    /*
     * Terminate the sentence before the trailing spaces and
     * update the new length
     */
    sentence[ i + 1 ] = 0;
    len = strlen( sentence );
   /*
    *   Remove leading spaces
    */
    i = 0;
    while( i < len && isspace( sentence[i] ))
    {
        i++;
    };
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i == len )
        return 0;
   /*
    *   Capitalize the first non-space character
    */
    std::cout << (char)toupper(sentence[i++]);
   /*
    *   Start after the leading spaces
    */
    for ( ; i < len; )
    {
        std::cout << (char)tolower(sentence[i]);
        if (isspace( sentence[i] ))
        {
            do
            {
                i++;
            }
            while( i < len && isspace( sentence[i] ) );
        }
        else
        {
            i++;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

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Failure as a human

Re: Using isspace with white spaces

Nov 17th, 2006

If you use C++ strings your life would be much simpler coz then you can do something like:

 Help with Code Tags 
 cpp Syntax (Toggle Plain Text) 
#include <string> 
 
const std::string whiteSpaces( " \f\n\r\t\v" ); 
 
void trimRight( std::string& str, 
       const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    std::string::size_type pos = str.find_last_not_of( trimChars ); 
    str.erase( pos + 1 ); 
 
} 
 
 
void trimLeft( std::string& str, 
       const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    std::string::size_type pos = str.find_first_not_of( trimChars ); 
    str.erase( 0, pos ); 
 } 
 
 
void trim( std::string& str, const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    trimRight( str, trimChars ); 
    trimLeft( str, trimChars ); 
 }
#include <string> 
 
const std::string whiteSpaces( " \f\n\r\t\v" ); 
 
void trimRight( std::string& str, 
       const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    std::string::size_type pos = str.find_last_not_of( trimChars ); 
    str.erase( pos + 1 ); 
 
} 
 

void trimLeft( std::string& str, 
       const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    std::string::size_type pos = str.find_first_not_of( trimChars ); 
    str.erase( 0, pos ); 
 } 
 

void trim( std::string& str, const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    trimRight( str, trimChars ); 
    trimLeft( str, trimChars ); 
 }