Yes because the internet router component is not required for file sharing. The ports on the back of the router are actually part of the layer 2 switching component. As long as both computers get an IP address configured, you can set up the sharing of resources on your computer(s).
JorgeM
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Yes it is possible but you will need to check a few things. First in the Network and Sharing Center make sure that the network connection is set for Home or Office and not Public. Public Networks are not allowed to connect to shared folders on your system.
Next, select Change Advanced Sharing Settings from the left hand column and make sure that Network Discovery and File and Printer Sharing are turned on.
And finally you may have to disable the firewall on both computers to allow them to see each other.
rch1231
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