The messages you described mean that HD is still working, but the MBR (maste boot record) could be corrupted. That doesn't necessarly mean HD filure. Could be that the system froze in a bad moment, while it was accessing boot sector or while performing defragmentation.
There are couple of things you can do before dicthching the HD.
If it is still covered with warranty, I sugest you use it.
or
You can disable the HD in BIOS, and reinstall the windows. Or try repair, but I don't think it will do that on BIOS-disabed HD.
You can get (using your parents PC) a bootable CD image with HD repair utility. Try
this one. It is straight from their site.
It is self-extracting .exe of an bootable CD image. Use nero or whatever you have to burn the image on CD. If you don't have burning software on your parents PC you can get
this. (their site again, might not work on non PBs)
Boot you laptop with it and go with a folw. I have no freaking idea of what this utility looks like or what it can do. If the formating your HD isn't too big of a problem, than you can use number of bootable images that are free to download, like
this baby. It will wipe your HD clean, as they say "bring it to pre format state". After that, it will be a virgin HD once again. No partitions, no nothing.