How high is the risk of being penalized? Glad I only started submitting on 10'ish directories.. So articles are a no-no now?
I'm not sure "penalized" is the right word. Perhaps "ignored" is better. Google doesn't want duplicate content in its index, so it tries to figure out which site holds the original text.
You can see this clearly with the case of DMOZ. The DMOZ link directory (and Google's "powered by DMOZ" pages) do OK in the search results. However, the thousands & thousands of sites that mirror DMOZ basically don't even appear in search results. Same thing with Wikipedia. Articles on Wikipedia rank quite high in Google's search results. But the thousands of mirror sites don't appear at all.
Google will try to do this with your article. It will see that the same article appears on 20 sites, and it will decide upon a "victor" to retain PageRank. The other 19 sites will not rank well or at all for that article. Note that I don't believe the sites get
hurt -- Google does not blacklist them or apply a negative score to the other pages on the sites. It simply ignores the duplicate page.
What this means is that, if you want a decent strategy that saves time, you'll probably only bother with the top, high-traffic article sites. Get that article into maybe the top 5, and hope you get high PageRank from one, and a bit of traffic from the others. There wouldn't be much reason to bother with a no-name article repository, because you don't want some low-PR site to be Google's "victor," thus relegating your article to bad search results. And you won't get traffic from those sites, anyway.
Articles work. But past a certain point, don't expect a lot of PageRank. So only submit to the best (which also has the nice side-benefit of saving you time chasing diminishing returns).
-Tony