You can download processor books but my favorite reference is the 32/64-bit 80x86 Assembly Language Architecture Book.

Your mathematical operation and/or compares will set conditional flags.
You then branch based upon those flags.

For math there is a signed result and an unsigned result.
That book pg. 292

Assembly Syntax (Toggle Plain Text)

              Signed               Unsigned            Signed         Unsigned
op1 > op2    OF=SF, ZF=0      ZF=0,CF=0          Greater            Above
OP1>=op2    OF=SF               CF=0            GreaterEqual   AboveEqual
op1=op2      ZF=1                  ZF=1             Equal               Equal
op1<=op2    OF<>SF, ZF=1     ZF=1,CF=1               LessEqual        BelowEqual
op1<op2       OF<>SF            CF=1              Less                 Below

Signed Unsigned Signed Unsigned op1 > op2 OF=SF, ZF=0 ZF=0,CF=0 Greater Above OP1>=op2 OF=SF CF=0 GreaterEqual AboveEqual op1=op2 ZF=1 ZF=1 Equal Equal op1<=op2 OF<>SF, ZF=1 ZF=1,CF=1 LessEqual BelowEqual op1<op2 OF<>SF CF=1 Less Below

Assembly Syntax (Toggle Plain Text)

Unsigned
JA,JNBE >            <= JBE,JNA
JAE,JNB >=          <  JB,JNAE
 
Signed
JG,JNLE  >             <= JLE,JNG
JGE,JNL  >=            < JL,JNGE
 
the others are specific
JO   Jump if Overflow                 JNO
JP,JPE   Jump if Parity                      JNP,JPO
JS         Jump if sign                   JNS
JC        Jump if carry                  JNC
JZ,JE    Jump if zero                  JNZ,JNE

Unsigned JA,JNBE > <= JBE,JNA JAE,JNB >= < JB,JNAE Signed JG,JNLE > <= JLE,JNG JGE,JNL >= < JL,JNGE the others are specific JO Jump if Overflow JNO JP,JPE Jump if Parity JNP,JPO JS Jump if sign JNS JC Jump if carry JNC JZ,JE Jump if zero JNZ,JNE