Projectile game in C [Cannon-Ball]

19 Years Ago Asif_NSU 0 3K Views

It's a game where u shoot from a cannon and the cannon-ball moves like a projectile and hits a target. So u will see three major things in this program:

1. Rotating a cannon;
2. How to move an object like a projectile
3. A very simple collision detection

Before compiling the code dont forget to change the path used in initgraph() function accordingly.

This is a DOS game and needs Turbo C/C++ to compile. If u want to see the output(the complete program), Download the game from here:
http://daniweb.com/techtalkforums/attachment.php?attachmentid=635

/*****************************************************/
	#include<stdlib.h>
	#include<stdio.h>
	#include<conio.h>
	#include<graphics.h>
	#include<math.h>
	#include<dos.h>

/*****************************************************/



/***************** Gloabal Variables **********************/
float initial_velocity, angle_of_projection,g=9.8; 	/**/
int h=40,k=450,radius=10;                          	/**/
float loc;/*Used to know the location of the tank*/	/**/
float x1,y1,x2,y2;/*line(x1,y1,x2,y2) for the cannon*/  /**/                     	   /**/
float maximum;/*maximum velocity allowed*/              /**/
	      /*for a particular planet*/	   	/**/
int count;/*Lives*/                                     /**/
int loc_speed=0;/*speed bar location*/                 	/**/
int points;/*points*/                               	/**/
/**********************************************************/


/******************** FUNCTIONS ***************************/
void rotate(int,int,int,int,int,int,float);             /**/
void wheel(int,int,int);                                /**/
void projectile(float,float,float,int,int);             /**/
int enemy_tank(int turret_x,int turret_y);              /**/
void battlefield(void);                                 /**/
int get_the_initial_x(float);                           /**/
int get_the_initial_y(float);                           /**/
float detect_collision_for_tank(int turret_x,           /**/
		    int turret_y,float x,float y);      /**/
void blast(int x, int y,float r);                       /**/
void main_menu(void);                                   /**/
void menu_selection(void);                              /**/
void startgame(void);                                   /**/
void game_over(void);				        /**/
void select_planet(void);			        /**/
void speedbar(void);				        /**/
void remove_speedbar(void);                             /**/
void show_instructions(void);			        /**/
void credits(void);				        /**/
/**********************************************************/


int main(void)
{
	int i=0;
	int gd=VGA,gm=2;
	initgraph(&gd,&gm,"c:\\tc\\bgi");
	/*THE PATH ABOVE SHOULD BE CHANGED ACCORDINGLY*/
	do
	{
	main_menu();
	}while(i==0);
         return 0;

}

/*STARTS THE GAME*/
void startgame(void)
{

	select_planet();
	show_instructions();
	count=10;/*NUMBER OF LIVES*/
	points=0;
	randomize();
	battlefield();
	setlinestyle(0,0xFFFF,3);
	setcolor(15);
	line(h-radius*1.5,k,h+radius*2.5,k);
	rotate(h-radius*1.5,k,h+radius*2.5,k,h,k,radius);
	x1=y1=x2=y2=0;

}


/*DRAWS A WHEEL AT (h,k) OF RADIUS "radius"*/
void wheel (int h,int k, int radius)
{
	int slice;
	circle(h,k,radius/2.5);

	setfillstyle(EMPTY_FILL,15);

	for (slice=0;slice<=360;slice+=45)
	{
		pieslice(h,k,slice,slice+45,radius);

	}
}

/*NOT ONLY ROTATES BUT ALSO TAKES INSTRUCTIONS
  TO INVOKE THE SPEEDBAR() AND PROJECTILE()*/
void rotate(int a1,int b1,int a2,int b2,
		int h,int k,float radius)
{
	char c;
	char cnt[3];
	float added,rotate_rad;
	angle_of_projection=0.0;
	added=0.0;
	setlinestyle(0,0xFFFF,1);
	while((c=getch())!=27)
	{

	/***HERE THE ANGLE OF PROJECTION GETS COMPUTED***/
	/**/if(c==0)                                  /**/
	/**/{                                         /**/
	/**/	c=getch();                            /**/
	/**/	if(c==72 && angle_of_projection<=180) /**/
	/**/	{	added=added+.05;              /**/
	/**/		angle_of_projection+=added;   /**/
	/**/	}                                     /**/
	/**/	if(c==80 && angle_of_projection>=0)   /**/
	/**/	{	added=added+.05;              /**/
	/**/		angle_of_projection-=added;   /**/
	/**/	}                                     /**/
	/**/                                          /**/
	/**/}                                         /**/
	/************************************************/
		rotate_rad=angle_of_projection*3.141592/180;
		setcolor(0);
		setlinestyle(0,0xFFFF,3);
		line(a1,b1,a2,b2);
		line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
		x1=h-cos(rotate_rad)*pow(((h-a1)*(h-a1)+(k-b1)*(k-b1)),.5);
		y1=k+sin(rotate_rad)*pow(((h-a1)*(h-a1)+(k-b1)*(k-b1)),.5);
		x2=h+cos(rotate_rad)*pow(((h-a2)*(h-a2)+(k-b2)*(k-b2)),.5);
		y2=k-sin(rotate_rad)*pow(((h-a2)*(h-a2)+(k-b2)*(k-b2)),.5);
		setcolor(15);
		line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
		line(h-radius*3,k+radius*1.25,640,k+radius*1.25);
		setlinestyle(0,0xFFFF,1);
		wheel(h,k,radius);

		if(c=='z')
	       /*HERE THE eINITIAL VELOCITY GETS COMPUTED*/
	       /**/	 speedbar();                  /**/
	       /*****************************************/
		if(c=='x')
		{

			remove_speedbar();
			setcolor(0);
			sprintf(cnt,"%i",count);
			outtextxy(620,20,cnt);
			outtextxy(10,10,"Ready to fire");
			setcolor(4);
			outtextxy(10,10,"Loading Ammunition...");
			sound(1000);
			delay(70);
			nosound();
	       /*HERE WE PROVIDED THE PROJECTILE() WITH NECESSARY VALUES*/
			projectile(initial_velocity,angle_of_projection,g,
				   get_the_initial_x(angle_of_projection),
				   get_the_initial_y(angle_of_projection));

			setcolor(0);
			outtextxy(10,10,"Loading Ammunition...");
			setcolor(2);
			outtextxy(10,10,"Ready to fire");
			setcolor(15);
			sprintf(cnt,"%i",count);
			outtextxy(620,20,cnt);
			initial_velocity=5;
			loc_speed=0;

		}
	  if (count==0)/*ALL LIVES GONE*/
	  {
		game_over();
		break;
	  }
	}

}

/*THIS WHERE THE PROJECTILE IS GUIDED TO ITS PATH*/
void projectile(float initial_velocity,float angle_of_projection,float g,
		int initial_x,int initial_y)
{


	float collision;
	float t,a_rad,x=0,y=0;
	a_rad=angle_of_projection*3.141592/180;

	for(t=0;y>=-initial_y && x<=640 && x>=0;t=t+.01)
	{

		x=(initial_velocity*cos(a_rad)*t);
		y=(initial_velocity*sin(a_rad)*t)-(0.5*g*t*t);
		collision=detect_collision_for_tank(loc,k-20,x,y);
		if (collision <=0)
		{
			blast(initial_x+x,initial_y-y,20);
			blast(initial_x+x+10,initial_y-y+3,20);
			blast(initial_x+x+20,initial_y-y+5,20);
			points++;
			if(points>1 && points%25==0)
		/*INCREASES LIFE AFTER EVERY 25 SUCCESSFUL HITS*/
			      {
				sound(440);
				delay(1000);
				count++;
				nosound();
			      }
			if(angle_of_projection>=60)
		/*INCREASES LIFE IF ANGLE>=60 HITS*/
			    {
			    count=count++;
			    sound(640);
			    delay(1000);
			    nosound();
			    }
			battlefield();
			break;
		}
		setcolor(14);
		circle(initial_x+x,initial_y-y,2);
		setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,14);
		floodfill(initial_x+x,initial_y-y,14);
		delay(1);
		setcolor(0);
		circle(initial_x+x,initial_y-y,2);
		setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,0);
		floodfill(initial_x+x,initial_y-y,0);

       }

       if (collision>0)
       /*NO COLLISION NO POINTS BUT LESS LIVES*/
       count--;



}

/*DRAWS THE ENEMY TANK AT RANDOM POSITIONS*/
int enemy_tank(int turret_x,int turret_y)
{
	int c=4;
	int i;
	setlinestyle(0,0xFFFF,1);
	setcolor(c);
/*TURRET*/rectangle(turret_x,turret_y,turret_x+8,turret_y+2);
/*HEAD*/  rectangle(turret_x+8,turret_y-3,turret_x+16,turret_y+6);
/*BODY*/  rectangle(turret_x-8,turret_y+6,turret_x+32,turret_y+24);
	setfillstyle(HATCH_FILL,c);
	floodfill(turret_x+8+1,turret_y-3+1,c);
	setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,c);
	floodfill(turret_x-8+1,turret_y+6+1,c);
	floodfill(turret_x+1,turret_y+1,c);
	for(i=0;i<=24;i=i+6)
	wheel(turret_x+i,turret_y+25,5);

	return turret_x;
}

/*INITIALIZES THE GAME SCREEN*/
void battlefield(void)
{
	char p[3];
	char cnt[3];
	cleardevice();
	setcolor(15);
	outtextxy(550,10,"Kills: ");
	sprintf(p,"%i",points);
	outtextxy(620,10,p);
	outtextxy(550,20,"Lives: ");
	sprintf(cnt,"%i",count);
	outtextxy(620,20,cnt);
	wheel (h,k,radius);
	setlinestyle(0,0xFFFF,3);
	line(h-radius*3,k+radius*1.25,640,k+radius*1.25);
	if (count>0) line(x1,y1,x2,y2);
	loc=enemy_tank(h+100+random(470),k-20);
}


/*RETURNS THE X-VALUE FROM WHERE THE PROJECTILE SHOULD BE SHOT*/
int get_the_initial_x(float a)
{
   int initial_x;
   initial_x=h+cos(a*3.141592/180)
	     *pow(((h-h+radius*2.5)*(h-h+radius*2.5)+(k-k)*(k-k)),.5);
   return initial_x+2.5;
}
/*RETURNS THE Y-VALUE FROM WHERE THE PROJECTILE SHOULD BE SHOT*/
int get_the_initial_y(float a)
{
  int initial_y;
  initial_y=k-sin(a*3.141592/180)
		*pow(((h-h+radius*2.5)*(h-h+radius*2.5)+(k-k)*(k-k)),.5);
  return initial_y-2.5;
}

/*RETURNS 0 OR NEGATIVE VALUE IF A COLLISION IS DETECTED*/
float detect_collision_for_tank(int turret_x,int turret_y,float x,float y)
{
	float a,b,r;
	float collision;
	a=((turret_x-8)+(turret_x+32))/2;
	b=((turret_y+6)+(turret_y+24))/2;
	r=20; //((turret_x+32)-(turret_x-8))/2
	collision=pow((get_the_initial_x(angle_of_projection)+x-a),2)+
			pow((get_the_initial_y(angle_of_projection)-y-b),2)-
			pow(r,2);
	return collision;
}

/*THE EXPLOSION*/
void blast(int x, int y,float r)
{
   float i;
   for(i=0;i<=r;i=i+.1)
   {

	setcolor(14);
	circle(x,y,i);
	sound(1000);
	delay(1);
	setcolor(0);
	circle(x,y,i);
	nosound();
   }

}

/*ONLY DRAWS THE MAIN MENU*/
void main_menu(void)
{
	int x=0,y=0,length=120,width=20,i=0;
	int outline=2;
	int no_menu_items=2;
	int distance=5;
	int gaps=width + distance;
	char *item[]={"(S)tart","(C)redits","(E)xit"};
	cleardevice();
	setcolor(15);
	x=(640-length)/2;
	y=(480-(no_menu_items+1) * gaps)/2;
	for(i=0;i < no_menu_items;i++)
	{

		rectangle(x,y,x+length,y+width);
		rectangle(x+outline,y+outline,x+length-outline,y+width-outline);
		outtextxy(x+10,y+6,item[i]);
		y+=gaps;

	}

	rectangle(x,y+gaps,x+length,y+width+gaps);
	rectangle(x+outline,y+gaps+outline,x+length-outline,y+width+gaps-outline);
	outtextxy(x+10,y+gaps+6,item[i]);
	settextstyle(TRIPLEX_FONT,HORIZ_DIR,7);
	outtextxy(180,50,"Projectile");
	settextstyle(0,HORIZ_DIR,1);
	outtextxy(320,120,">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>");
	menu_selection();
}

/*SELECTS APPROPIATE FUNCTIONS*/
void menu_selection(void)
{
   char ch;
   ch=getch();

    switch (ch)
    {
       case 's':   startgame();break;
       case 'e':   closegraph();exit(1);
       case 'c':   credits();break;
       default: 	;

    }
}


/*SHOWS "Game Over" AND HALTS THE PROGRAM FOR 3 SECONDS*/
void game_over(void)
{
	outtextxy(250,220,"Game Over");
	sleep(3);

}

/*CHANGES GRAVITY(g) AND SETS THE MAXIMUM SPEED ALLOWED*/
void select_planet(void)
{
	char ch;
	int x,y,length=190,width=20,i=0;
	int outline=2;
	int no_menu_items=8;
	int distance=10;
	int gaps=width + distance;
	char *item[]={"1.Pluto(g=0.66)","2.Moon(g=1.62)","3.Mercury/Mars(g=3.7)"
			,"4.Uranus/Venus(g=8.87)"
			,"5.Earth(g=9.81)","6.Saturn(g=10.4)"
			,"7.Neptune(9=11.15)","8.Jupiter(g=24.8)"};

	cleardevice();
	setcolor(15);
	x=(640-length)/2;
	y=(480-(no_menu_items+1) * gaps)/2;
	setcolor(2);
	outtextxy(50,50,"Select a Planet/satellite");
	setcolor(15);
	for(i=0;i < no_menu_items;i++)
	{

		rectangle(x,y,x+length,y+width);
		rectangle(x+outline,y+outline,x+length-outline,y+width-outline);
		outtextxy(x+10,y+6,item[i]);
		y+=gaps;

	}
	ch=getch();
	if(ch==0)getch();
	switch(ch)
	{
		case '1':  g = 0.660;maximum=25;break;
		case '2':  g = 1.620;maximum=50;break;
		case '3':  g = 3.710;maximum=60;break;
		case '4':  g = 8.870;maximum=90;break;
		case '5':  g = 9.810;maximum=100;break;
		case '6':  g = 10.40;maximum=110;break;
		case '7':  g = 11.15;maximum=120;break;
		case '8':  g = 24.80;maximum=150;break;
		default:   g = 9.810;maximum=100;break;
	}

}

/*INCREASES SPEED BY 5 AND PUTS A BAR ON THE SCREEN*/
void speedbar(void)
{
	char c[5];
	if (initial_velocity<maximum)
	{
	initial_velocity+=5;
	loc_speed=loc_speed+10;
	if (initial_velocity/maximum*100<=50) setcolor(2);/*GREEN*/
	if (initial_velocity/maximum*100 > 50
		&& initial_velocity/maximum*100 < 90)
	setcolor(14);/*YELLOW*/
	if (initial_velocity/maximum*100>=90) setcolor(4);/*RED*/
	sprintf(c,"%c",254);
	outtextxy(20+loc_speed,470,c);
	}

}

/*REMOVES ALL THE BARS DRAWN BY THE SPEEDBAR()*/
void remove_speedbar(void)
{
      int j;
      char c[5];
      loc_speed=0;
      setcolor(0);
      for(j=0;j < maximum;j++)
      {
	loc_speed=loc_speed+10;

	sprintf(c,"%c",254);
	outtextxy(20+loc_speed,470,c);
      }

}

/*SHOWS HOW TO PLAY*/
void show_instructions(void)
{
    char temp[2];
    char ch;
    cleardevice();
    moveto(200,200);
    outtext("Use ");
    sprintf(temp,"%c",24);
    outtext(temp);
    outtext(" and ");
    sprintf(temp,"%c",25);
    outtext(temp);
    outtext(" keys to rotate the cannon");
    ch=getch();
    if(ch==0) getch();
    cleardevice();
    outtextxy(180,200,"Use z to set the speed and press x to shoot");
    getch();
}

/*RUNS THE CREDITS*/
void credits(void)
{
	cleardevice();
	outtextxy(150,140,"**************************************************");
	outtextxy(180,160,"Programmed by");
	outtextxy(240,180,"Shahbaz Rahman");
	outtextxy(240,200,"ID# 041 061 040");
	outtextxy(240,220,"CSE Department, North South University");
	outtextxy(180,240,"AND");
	outtextxy(240,260,"Kazi Asif Wadud");
	outtextxy(240,280,"ID# 041 242 040");
	outtextxy(240,300,"CSE Department, North South University");
	outtextxy(150,320,"**************************************************");
	outtextxy(240,340,"                 2004-2005");
	getch();

}

Dani 4,084 The Queen of DaniWeb

19 Years Ago

I tried compiling it but got an error that it couldn't include graphics.h because the file doesn't exist. Or something like that. I'm probably doing it wrong. I tried using MS Visual Studio.NET.

Asif_NSU 25 Posting Whiz

19 Years Ago

as I said dont forget to "change the path used in initgraph() function accordingly." Their should be a 'bgi' folder in ur compilers directory. Set the path of the initgraph function towards that bgi.

And seems like my Turbo C++ compiler has graphics.h file but ur compiler doesnt. So here is the graphics.h file. Copy this file to ur compilers folder named INCLUDE.

FireNet 64 Posting Whiz in Training

19 Years Ago

Woo,
As far as I know graphics.h use BGI.You can use it with Turbo C++ like Asif_NSU or use Borland C++.

In Borland C++ right-click on the cpp source window and choose Target Expert.You should a beautiful window with options everywhere.Just look to the lower right and you should see Windows 32 and below the Console.Just choose Dos (Standard) instead of Windows.Then the path in the initgraph should be "bc5/bgi" or copy evga.bgi from there to your current folder.
[Compiler I have tried BGI on:Turbo C++,Borland C++ 5.02(Commercial,not the free one)].
Visiual Studio Net would understand BGI like Greek or something.

The most common error would be:
Code:
error directive BGI not supported under Windows

jamesk400 1 Newbie Poster

19 Years Ago

the error i get is " unexpected end of program" and then it says cannot execute hl.exe
I'm using Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 PE

Asif_NSU 25 Posting Whiz

19 Years Ago

THIS CODE SHOULD ONLY BE COMPILED USING BORLAND C++ / TURBOC++ COMPILERS.THIS A GAME MADE FOR MS-DOS , AND WILL ONLY WORK THERE. BECAUSE I HAVE USED SO MANY DOS SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS FOR THE GRAPHICS IN THE GAME THIS IS HIGHLY NON-PORTABLE. FURTHERMORE, U NEED TO SET THE PATH IN THE initgraph() FUNCTION TOWARDS THE "BGI" FOLDER OF UR COMPILERS DIRECTORY. I KNOW DOS IS DEAD NOW, BUT I THINK IF U STUDY THE CODES HERE WE WILL LEARN SOMETHING NONETHELESS.

Dani 4,084 The Queen of DaniWeb

19 Years Ago

Hey guy i'm just starting out on C++, i like ur game program and would like to run it. should i copy the codes and run in my computer? pls tell me other things i must do to get the result. i am using borland C++ compiler v5.5.
thanks.

marceta 0 Posting Whiz in Training

19 Years Ago

if this is true, then the MSVC++ users should prob go new project -> win32 console app. then new file -> source file. i think i got the labels right (i didnt actually open the prog). some1 let me know if it worked for em, i hope it does!

Asif_NSU 25 Posting Whiz

19 Years Ago

Only problem i have seen while using VC++(win32 console app)is that it cannot open the graphics.h file.
because i have used functions like initgraph(), outtextxy(), circle(), rectangle() etc to draw things in console screen. Moreover, the initgraph() function depends on the BGI folder(whatever is in it). If u guys can remedy this problems it will work. Listen I m gonna make this program run in ur machine-- pc(no mac or linux). So follow the steps...

Asif_NSU 25 Posting Whiz

19 Years Ago

Step 1 . use the compiler i used:
Download it(2.87 mb) from the following site and unzip it to the default path given, dont change the path.
link to download :
http://download.35mb.com/neverwinter/the file named Tc.exe

Step2. Change the PATH variable,
start>run
type "sysedit"
the system configuration editor shows up
in the autoexec.bat file add the path to bin folder of the tc compiler by typing:
PATH c:\tc\bin
it could also be like PATH c:\windows;c:\tc\bin
Now save changes to the autoexec.bat file

Go to command prompt and change directory to c:\
type c:\PATH
see if the path is set
then type c:\autoexec
this will activate the autoexec.bat file
Now run the compiler like this
c:\cd tc\bin
then type tc
now the compiler should run
so should the code

let me know if someone did actually run it

marceta 0 Posting Whiz in Training

19 Years Ago

ahh, that explains it, the console cant draw ;)

XianBin 0 Newbie Poster

19 Years Ago

I like Tubor C/C++ very much.
The Path can modity in TC++,the step is:
1st: run tc-->select "Option"menu-->select "Directories..."
2nd: modity the path in the pop window. finally, press the "Ok".
3rd: select "Option" menu-->select "Save...". ok!finished.

by the way,you must sure the "Inlucde" and "Lib" path was existed,if not,you will cant compile the codes.(will prompt a lot of errors.)

Asif_NSU 25 Posting Whiz

19 Years Ago

--That is if u could run TC. U might not be able to run TC if u dont set the PATH variable ;) . Its so bcos the version u r downloading doesnt install TC++, it just unzips the copy i have in my pc--that's why u have to set tha PATH variable manually.

moussa.eltayeb 0 Newbie Poster

17 Years Ago

It's a good game .. & it's a good start ..

neelam_209 0 Newbie Poster

14 Years Ago

thanks for this program as i need to do something different in dos environment i have create a project in dos environmdent on railway reservation an internal project but seeing ur program it will do beter
move in my project . THANKS AGAIN !

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