Hi all,
The continuing quest to master Tkinter has led to this implementation of the dots and boxes game. The rules are well-known: each player gets to create a new line between two dots (single-click near the line you wish to create). If a player creates a box, he gets a point *and* gets to go again. (Two boxes gets two points, but only one extra turn.) The highest score out of 81 boxes wins!
Please feel free to mercilessly criticize the UI or the code; I'm looking to improve it and submit to the Code Snippets thread.
Thanks,
Jeff
P.S. Anyone know how to make canvas text be semi-transparent?
from Tkinter import *
import tkFont
TOL = 8
CELLSIZE = 40
OFFSET = 10
CIRCLERAD = 2
DOTOFFSET = OFFSET + CIRCLERAD
GAME_H = 400
GAME_W = 400
class Player(object):
def __init__(self, name, color="black"):
self.score = 0
self.str = StringVar()
self.name = name
self.color = color
def update(self):
self.str.set(self.name + ": %d" % self.score)
class MyFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.GO_font = tkFont.Font(self, \
name="GOFont", \
family = "Times", \
weight="bold", \
size=36)
self.canvas = Canvas(self, height = GAME_H, width = GAME_W)
self.canvas.bind("<Button-1>", lambda e:self.click(e))
self.canvas.grid(row=0,column=0)
self.dots = [[self.canvas.create_oval(CELLSIZE*i+OFFSET, \
CELLSIZE*j+OFFSET, \
CELLSIZE*i+OFFSET+2*CIRCLERAD, \
CELLSIZE*j+OFFSET+2*CIRCLERAD, \
fill="black") \
for j in range(10)] for i in range(10)]
self.lines = []
self.infoframe = Frame(self)
self.players = [Player("Player 1","blue"), Player("Player 2","red")]
self.infoframe.players = [Label(self.infoframe, textvariable = i.str) for i in self.players]
for i in self.infoframe.players:
i.grid()
self.turn = self.players[0]
self.update_players()
self.infoframe.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = N)
self.grid()
def update_players(self):
for i in self.players:
i.update()
def click(self, event):
x,y = event.x, event.y
orient = self.isclose(x,y)
if orient:
if self.line_exists(x,y, orient):
return
l = self.create_line(x,y, orient)
score = self.new_box_made(l)
if score:
self.turn.score += score
self.turn.update()
self.check_game_over()
else:
index = self.players.index(self.turn)
self.turn = self.players[1-index]
self.lines.append(l)
def create_line(self, x, y, orient):
startx = CELLSIZE * ((x-OFFSET)//CELLSIZE) + DOTOFFSET
starty = CELLSIZE * ((y-OFFSET)//CELLSIZE) + DOTOFFSET
tmpx = (x-OFFSET)//CELLSIZE
tmpy = (y-OFFSET)//CELLSIZE
if orient == HORIZONTAL:
endx = startx + CELLSIZE
endy = starty
else:
endx = startx
endy = starty + CELLSIZE
#print "line drawn: %d,%d to %d,%d" % (startx,starty,endx,endy)
return self.canvas.create_line(startx,starty,endx,endy)
def new_box_made(self, line):
score = 0
x0,y0,x1,y1 = self.canvas.coords(line)
if x0 == x1: # vertical line
midx = x0
midy = (y0+y1)/2
pre = (x0 - CELLSIZE/2, midy)
post = (x0 + CELLSIZE/2, midy)
elif y0 == y1: # horizontal line
midx = (x0 + x1)/2
midy = y0
pre = (midx, y0 - CELLSIZE/2)
post = (midx, y0 + CELLSIZE/2)
if len(self.find_lines(pre)) == 3: # not 4, because newly created line is
self.fill_in(pre) # is not returned (?!)
score += 1
if len(self.find_lines(post)) == 3:
self.fill_in(post)
score += 1
return score
def find_lines(self, coords):
x, y = coords
if x < 0 or x > GAME_W:
return []
if y < 0 or y > GAME_W:
return []
#print "Cell center: %d,%d" % (x,y)
lines = [x for x in self.canvas.find_enclosed(x-CELLSIZE,\
y-CELLSIZE,\
x+CELLSIZE,\
y+CELLSIZE)\
if x in self.lines]
#print lines
return lines
def fill_in(self, coords):
x,y = coords
self.canvas.create_text(x,y,text=self.turn.name, fill=self.turn.color)
def isclose(self, x, y):
x -= OFFSET
y -= OFFSET
dx = x - (x//CELLSIZE)*CELLSIZE
dy = y - (y//CELLSIZE)*CELLSIZE
if abs(dx) < TOL:
if abs(dy) < TOL:
return None # mouse in corner of box; ignore
else:
return VERTICAL
elif abs(dy) < TOL:
return HORIZONTAL
else:
return None
def line_exists(self, x,y, orient):
id_ = self.canvas.find_closest(x,y,halo=TOL)[0]
if id_ in self.lines:
return True
else:
return False
def check_game_over(self):
total = sum([x.score for x in self.players])
if total == 81:
self.canvas.create_text(GAME_W/2, GAME_H/2, \
text="GAME OVER", font="GOFont", \
fill="#888")
mainw = Tk()
mainw.f = MyFrame(mainw)
mainw.mainloop()
