Help me understand this code better..?

[lewisbraid]

Basically I've got a working drop-down menu php/mysql script running using the internet as my guide. But one thing I don't really understand is the significance of the period in

$options.

$sql = "SELECT DISTINCT artist FROM hits ORDER BY artist";
	$result = mysql_query($sql);
				
	while ($row=mysql_fetch_array($result)) { 
	
	    $artist=$row["artist"]; 
	    $options.="<option>$artist</option>"; 
	} 
	?>

I understand the rest etc but its just that one part that doesn't make sense to me, what does the "." do?!

Thanks

[waveydaveywaves]

it just combines things together

eg: $b .= "There!"; // sets $b to "Hello There!", just like $b = $b . "There!";

you can add strings using the "." as well
eg:

$home="USA"; echo "Theres"."No"."place"."like"."$home"."!";

would output, "Theres No place like USA!"

http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.operators.assignment.php

.= is for concatenate strings, ex:

$var = "Hi,";
$var .= "bye.";

This is the same as

$var = "Hi,";
$var = $var."bye.";

This will output: Hi,bye. .

As mentioned . is the concatenator. Your code however, could be quicker:

$sql = "SELECT DISTINCT artist FROM hits ORDER BY artist";
	$result = mysql_query($sql);
 
	while ($row=mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
	    $options.="<option>{$row['artist']}</option>"; 
	}

Also on some systems you'll need to set

$options = "";

before the while loop

As mentioned . is the concatenator. Your code however, could be quicker:

$sql = "SELECT DISTINCT artist FROM hits ORDER BY artist";
	$result = mysql_query($sql);
 
	while ($row=mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
	    $options.="<option>{$row['artist']}</option>"; 
	}

Also on some systems you'll need to set

$options = "";

before the while loop

One question: Why between {} ? I dont understand that...

When you enclose array variables, e.g. $array, you need to enclose them in braces {...}

I'm sure you know that this only works with double quotes. Single quotes will just spit out the literal string.

When you enclose array variables, e.g. $array, you need to enclose them in braces {...}

I'm sure you know that this only works with double quotes. Single quotes will just spit out the literal string.

I dont understand why between {}.

[mschroeder]

The curly brackets are called complex syntax. To use a an array item with a quoted identifier within a double quoted string is needs to be surrounded using { and }.

http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.types.string.php#language.types.string.syntax.double

A more complete description is about 1/4 of the way down the page.