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Forum Posting can help your website more visible to search engine when you keep updating and positng information. Your links will be crawled regualarly and your ranking will be stable.

Each method has different disadvantages. We cannot say PPC is better than SEO, and vice versa. But SEO is still the good one to choose for long term in comparision with PPC. For PPC, you have to pay in order to appear on the first page of google.

Profile backlinks and blogs comment are also good way to build backlinks. They are all useful to get link juice.

SEO is very basic to learn, but it will be more complicated and complex to do. As from what I know, you should focus on On page and Off page. It is all about content, meta tags, building backlinks from social bookmarking to forums, blogs, articles submission...