Hi,

I am currently working on curling game for my High School assignment and i have lots of files of code, so i doubt anyone will want to look through them.

Im having an issue in which, i have a JPanel and when i call the paintComponent (Graphics g) of that class, it actually goes inside the method (so the method is called), however it will not display the pictures that i have drawn onto the screen (using drawImage).


I havn't had this problem before, and the previous night it was working fine, but when i added more classes and modified some stuff its not working now.

I would be very appreciative if anyone could help me with is issue ASAP.

ill copy the main files that i havve:

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import java.util.*;
/**
 * RockMotion is the class that contains the "launching" effect of the Curling Rocks.
 * The background playing field is displayed on a JPanel, and so is an image of the current Rock.
 * When a keyboard input is detected, the rock launches using specific information, constructed in the contructer, such as velocity and momentum.
 * @author Arash Khazaei
 * @version 1.2
 */
public class RockMotionReal extends JPanel 
{
  
  private boolean powerSelected, directionSelected;
  
  ArrayList <Rock> listOfRocks = new ArrayList <Rock> ();
  /**
   * A random textfield that is added, to fix the KeyListener.
   */
  JTextField random;
  /**
   * A boolean to determine whether background has been drawn or not.
   */
  boolean drawOnce;
  /**
   * A Final integer on the Number of Rocks.
   */
//  public static final int MAX_PARTICLES = 1;
  
  /**
   * Height of the display Screen.
   */
  public static final int WIDTH = 1280;
  
  
  private double resizeRate;
  /**
   * Height of the display Screen.
   */
  public static final int HEIGHT =  700;
  
  private int updateXCoord;
  private int updateYCoord;
  private int updateWidth;
  private int updateHeight;
  
  private Player player1;
  private Player player2;
  
  boolean running = false;
  long startTime = 0, lastTime;
  long delay = 50, delta, advanceRate;
  
  
  /**
   * Array of Rocks.
   */
//  Rock[] rocks = new Rock [MAX_PARTICLES];
  /**
   * The current Rock, that is being delt with.
   */
  Rock currentRock;
  /**
   * The constant value for the friction of the ice, which will be subtracted from the momentum of the Rock.
   */
  private final double FRICTION = 0.4;
  /**
   * The name of the background Image that needs to be used.
   */
  private String view;
  
  private boolean firstImage;
  /**
   * This method finds the distance of two objects.
   *
   * @param x1 The 1st x-coordinate.
   *        y1 The 1st y-coordinate.
   *        x2 The 2nd x-coordinate.
   *        y2 The 2nd y-coordinate.
   * @return   The distance between the two sets of coordinates.
   */
  public double distance (double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2)
  {
    return Math.sqrt ((Math.pow ((x2 - x1), 2)) + (Math.pow ((y2 - y1), 2)));
  }
  
  
  /**
   *Constructor that will create the JPanel and initiate .
   * This will set a certain value to the velocity of the Rock, calculate the momentum, determine the type of Rock, and select the image of the background.
   * A KeyListener will be added as well to detect the input of the user.
   * This will also initiate the set of Curling Rocks.
   */
  public RockMotionReal (ArrayList <Rock> firstToGo, ArrayList <Rock> secondToGo, Player player1, Player player2)
  {
    super ();
    firstImage = true;
    setDoubleBuffered (true);
    drawOnce = false;
    Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit ().getScreenSize (); //gets the size of the monitor
    setPreferredSize (new Dimension (WIDTH,HEIGHT)); //remove -30 to make it full screen
//    for (int x = 0 ; x < MAX_PARTICLES ; x++)
//    {
//      rocks [x] = new Rock ((screenSize.width/2) - 15, 610, "Rock_Red", 50, 45, 0, 10);
//    }
//    rocks [0] = new Rock (410, 560, "Rock_Yell", 50, 45, 0, 10);
//    rocks [0] = new Rock ((WIDTH/2) + 5,
//                          HEIGHT - 122, "Rock_Red", 55, 50, 0, 10);
    view = "VIEW_UPDATE";
    currentRock = firstToGo.get (0);
    listOfRocks.addAll (firstToGo);
    listOfRocks.addAll (secondToGo);
    this.player1 = player1;
    this.player2 = player2;
    updateXCoord = 0; 
    updateYCoord = -4;
    updateWidth = WIDTH;
    updateHeight = HEIGHT;
    setVisible (true);
  }
  
  // animation code
  
  //  This starts the threads.
  public void startClock ()
  {
    lastTime = startTime = System.currentTimeMillis ();
    //time = 0.;
    running = true;
  }
//  
//  
//  public void stop ()
//  {
//    running = false;
//  }
  
  public double putDelay ()
  {
    delta = System.currentTimeMillis () - lastTime;
    lastTime += delta;
    startTime += delay;
    try
    {
      Thread.sleep (Math.max (0, startTime - System.currentTimeMillis ()));
    }
    catch (InterruptedException e)
    {
    }
    return (delta / 1000.);
  }
  
  
//     void advanced (double dt)
//    {
//        s.collision (m);
//        m.advanced (dt);
//        s.advanced (dt);
//        running = m.check (s);
//        if (level < 2)
//        {
//            gb.setColor (Color.red);
//            gb.drawLine (xx = m.X () + size, yy = m.Y () + size, xx, yy);
//            gb.setColor (Color.blue);
//            gb.drawLine (xx = s.X () + size, yy = s.Y () + size, xx, yy);
//        }
//        repaint ();
//    }
  
  public Rock getRock ()
  {
    return currentRock;
  }
  
//  
//  /**
//   *Calls the launch method, when a key is pressed.
//   *
//   *@param e The KeyEvent that occurs.
//   */
//  public void keyPressed (KeyEvent e)
//  {
//    //System.out.println ("RAN KEY");
//    if (!directionSelected)
//    {
//      directionSelected = true;
//    }
//    if (directionSelected && !powerSelected)
//    {
//      powerSelected = true;
//    }
//    if (powerSelected)
//      actualRunning ();
//  }
//  
//  
//  /**
//   * Empty methods for other Key Events.
//   *
//   * @param e The KeyEvent that occurs.
//   */
//  public void keyReleased (KeyEvent e)
//  {
//  }
//  
//  
//  /**
//   * Empty methods for other Key Events.
//   *
//   * @param e The KeyEvent that occurs.
//   */
//  public void keyTyped (KeyEvent e)
//  {
//  }
//  
  
  /**
   * Paints the background.
   * <p>
   * Creates an image for the background and the Curling Rock, and draws it onto the JPanel, using drawImage.
   * @param page allows access to graphics
   */
  public void paintComponent (Graphics page)
  {   
    super.paintComponent(page);
    Image background = loadImage ("K:\\JAVA_FINAL_ISP\\Resources\\JAVA_ISP_ROCKS\\" + view + ".png");   
    Image rock;
    page.drawImage (background, updateXCoord,updateYCoord, updateWidth, updateHeight, null);
    page.fillOval (200,200,200,200);
    for (Rock rocks: listOfRocks)
    {
      System.out.println (rocks.getPicName ());
      rock = loadImage ("K:\\JAVA_FINAL_ISP\\Resources\\JAVA_ISP_ROCKS\\" + rocks.getPicName () + ".png");
      page.drawImage (rock, (int) (rocks.getXPosition () - (rocks.getWidth ()/2)), (int) (rocks.getYPosition () - (rocks.getWidth ()/2)), (int) rocks.getWidth (), (int) rocks.getHeight (),this);
    }
  }
  
  /**
   *Returns the Image that is found at the given location of the picture.
   *
   *@param picLocation The location of the image that is required to be loaded.
   *@return           The Image at the specific location.
   */
  public Image loadImage (String picLocation)  //Loads the picture needed
  {
    Image pic = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit ().getImage (picLocation);
    MediaTracker tracker = new MediaTracker (new Frame ());
    tracker.addImage (pic, 0);
    try
    {
      tracker.waitForAll ();
    }
    catch (InterruptedException e)
    {
      System.out.println ("ASS");
    }
    return pic;
  }
  
  
  /**
   * This method finds the angle between two different sets of coordinates.
   *
   * @param x1 The 1st x-coordinate.
   *        y1 The 1st y-coordinate.
   *        x2 The 2nd x-coordinate.
   *        y2 The 2nd y-coordinate.
   * @return   The angle between the two sets of coordinates.
   */
  public double findAngle (double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2)
  {
    
    double ang = 0, slope;
    if (x2 != x1)
      slope = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1);
    else
      slope = 999999999;
    
    //ang = arctand (slope);
    if (slope > 0)
    {
      if (y2 < y1)
      {
        ang = 180 + ang;
      }
    }
    else if (slope < 0)
    {
      if (x2 < x1)
        ang = 180 + ang;
      
      if (x2 > x1)
        ang = 360 + ang;
    }
    
    else
    {
      if (x2 > x1)
        ang = 0;
      
      if (x2 < x1)
        ang = 180;
    }
    return ang;
  }
  
  public void stop ()
  {
    try
    {
      Thread.sleep (1000);
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {}
    
  }
  
  /**
   * Controls the collision of the Curling Rocks.
   * Based on the type of of collision, it will figure out the calculations that state where the new Rock shall go.
   *
   * @param rock1 This contains the initial rock that is hitting another rock.
   *        rock2 This is the rock, that is being hit.
   */
  public void collide (Rock rock1, Rock rock2)
  {
    double temp1, temp2, temp3, nvx1, nvy1, nvx2, nvy2, magnitude, dirx, diry, mag1, mag2;
    
    dirx = -(Math.abs (rock2.getVelocityX ()) / rock2.getVelocityX ()) * (Math.abs (rock1.getVelocityX ()) / rock1.getVelocityX ());
    diry = -(Math.abs (rock2.getVelocityY ()) / rock2.getVelocityY ()) * (Math.abs (rock1.getVelocityY ()) / rock1.getVelocityY ());
    mag1 = distance (0, 0, rock1.getVelocityX (), rock1.getVelocityY ());
    mag2 = distance (0, 0, rock2.getVelocityX (), rock2.getVelocityY ());
    
    temp1 = findAngle (rock1.getXPosition (), rock1.getYPosition (), rock2.getXPosition (), rock2.getYPosition ());
    
    temp2 = findAngle (0, 0, rock2.getXPosition (), rock2.getVelocityY ()) - temp1;
    temp3 = findAngle (0, 0, rock1.getXPosition (), rock1.getVelocityY ()) - temp1;
    
    temp2 = findAngle (0, 0, Math.cos (temp2), -(Math.sin (temp2))) + temp1;
    temp3 = findAngle (0, 0, Math.cos (temp3), -(Math.sin (temp3))) + temp1;
    
    
    nvx1 = Math.cos (temp2); //acos?
    nvy1 = Math.sin (temp2); //asin?
    
    nvx2 = Math.cos (temp3);
    nvy2 = Math.sin (temp3);
    
    
    rock2.setXVelocity (-nvx1 * dirx * mag1);
    rock2.setYVelocity (-nvy1 * diry * mag1);
    
    rock1.setXVelocity (-nvx2 * mag2);
    rock1.setYVelocity (-nvy2 * mag2);
    
    rock1.setPosition ((int) (rock1.getXPosition () + rock1.getVelocityX () * 4), (int) (rock1.getYPosition () + rock1.getVelocityY () * 4));
    rock2.setPosition ((int) (rock2.getXPosition () + rock2.getVelocityX () * 4), (int) (rock2.getYPosition () + rock2.getVelocityY () * 4));
  }
  
  
  public void firstChanges (Rock playingRock)
  { 
    PlayArea game = new PlayArea (player1, player2);
    add (game);
    resizeRate = .7;
    updateXCoord = 0; 
    updateYCoord = -4;
    updateWidth = WIDTH;
    updateHeight = HEIGHT;
    view = "VIEW UPDATE";
    game.gameView = "VIEW";
    if (playingRock.getYPosition () < 265)
    {
      playingRock.setPosition ((int) playingRock.convertXPosition( playingRock.getXPosition ()), (int) ((HEIGHT) + playingRock.getHeight ()));
      playingRock.setPicName ("New_" + player1.getRockColour ());
      playingRock.setWidth (65);
      playingRock.setHeight (60); 
      game.changeView ();
      game.paintComponent (getGraphics ());
      firstImage = false;
      secondChanges (playingRock);
    }
  }
  
  public void secondChanges (Rock playingRock)
  {
    System.out.println ("VIEW 2");
    resizeRate = .2;
    updateXCoord = 0; 
    updateYCoord = -3;
    updateWidth = WIDTH;
    updateHeight = HEIGHT;
    view = "Second View Update";
  }
  
  public double convertXPosition (double xPosition)
  {
    double newAwayFromCentre = ((WIDTH/2) - xPosition) * 5.65;
    return ((WIDTH/2) - newAwayFromCentre);  
  }
  
  
  /**
   * Launches the Curling Rock.
   * This will also subtract the friction constant from the momentum for each loop, and will create a delay for the moving Rock.
   * This will also detect if a collision occurs.
   * After the Rock reaches specific y Coordinates it will change the background image, and the image of the rock.
   */
  public void actualRunning ()
  {
    double xBoundry1 = (WIDTH/2) - 200, xBoundry2= (WIDTH/2) + 200;
    double startLocation = currentRock.getYPosition ();
//  currentRock.setXVelocity (UserInput.convertToXVelocity (UserInput.direction));
//  currentRock.setYVelocity (UserInput.convertToYVelocity (UserInput.direction));
    double cs, sc, v1;
//  double momentumX = ((rocks [0].getVelocityX () * (rocks [0].MASS - FRICTION))/100);
//  double momentumY = ((rocks [0].getVelocityY () * (rocks [0].MASS - FRICTION))/100);
    int counter =0;
    paintComponent (getGraphics ());
    startClock ();
    outer:     
      while (running)
    {
//      for (int i = 0 ; i < MAX_PARTICLES ; i++)
//      {     
//        if (!isInBound (rocks [i], xBoundry1, xBoundry2))
//        {
//          break outer;
//        }
      double num = putDelay ();
      if (Math.abs (currentRock.getYPosition () - startLocation) > 1)
      {
        //System.out.println (resizeRate);
        currentRock.setWidth (currentRock.getWidth () - resizeRate);
        currentRock.setHeight (currentRock.getHeight () - resizeRate);
        startLocation = currentRock.getYPosition ();
        xBoundry1 += 0.1;
        xBoundry2 -= 0.1;
      }
      
      v1 = Math.sqrt (currentRock.getVelocityX () * currentRock.getVelocityX () + currentRock.getVelocityY () * currentRock.getVelocityY ());
      if (v1 != 0.)
      {
        cs = currentRock.getVelocityX () / v1;
        sc = currentRock.getVelocityY () / v1;
        v1 -= 20. * num;
        if (v1 < 0.)
        {
          currentRock.setXVelocity (0.);
          currentRock.setYVelocity (0.);
          running = false;
        }
        else
        {
          currentRock.setXVelocity (v1 * cs);
          currentRock.setYVelocity (v1 * sc);
          
//                System.out.println (v1 + " -X- " + cs);
//                System.out.println (v1 + " -Y- " + sc);
        }
      }
      System.out.println (currentRock.getXPosition ());
      System.out.println (currentRock.getYPosition ());
      currentRock.setPosition ((int) (currentRock.getXPosition () + (currentRock.getVelocityX () *  num)), (int) (currentRock.getYPosition () + (currentRock.getVelocityY () * num)));
      
//        if (momentumX < 0 || momentumY <0 || delay > 150)
//        {
//          momentumX = -(momentumX);
//          momentumY = -(momentumY);
//          System.out.println (delay + " MX: " + momentumX + " MY: " + momentumY);
//          break outer;
//          
//        }
//        else
//        {
//          if ( counter == 75)
//          {
//            counter = 0;
//            if (momentumX != 0)
//            {
//              momentumX = (((momentumX * 100) - (FRICTION*1.5))/100);
//            }
//            if (momentumY != 0)
//            {
//              momentumY = (((momentumY * 100) - (FRICTION * 1.5))/100) ;
//            } 
//          }
//        }
//        counter ++;
      
      if (firstImage)
      {
        firstChanges (currentRock);
      }
      else 
      {
        secondChanges (currentRock);
      }
      
      //ball collision
      for (int i = 1; i < listOfRocks.size (); i++)
      {
        
        if (distance (currentRock.getXPosition () + (currentRock.getWidth ()/2), currentRock.getYPosition () + (currentRock.getHeight ()/2), listOfRocks.get (i).getXPosition ()+ (listOfRocks.get (i).getWidth ()/2), listOfRocks.get (i).getYPosition ()+ (listOfRocks.get (i).getHeight ()/2)) <= 50  && !currentRock.getCh () && !listOfRocks.get (i).getCh ())
        {
          System.out.println ("It Went Here");
          collide (currentRock, listOfRocks.get (i));
        }
      }
      //wall collision
//        if (rocks [i].getXPosition () >= 690 && rocks [i].getVelocityX () > 0)
//        {
//          rocks [i].setXVelocity (-rocks [i].getVelocityX ());
//        }
//        if (rocks [i].getXPosition () <= 10 && rocks [i].getVelocityX () < 0)
//        {
//          rocks [i].setXVelocity (-rocks [i].getVelocityX ());
//        }
//        
//        if (rocks [i].getYPosition () >= 340 && rocks [i].getVelocityY () > 0)
//        {
//          rocks [i].setYVelocity (-rocks [i].getVelocityY ());
//        }
//        
//        if (rocks [i].getYPosition () <= 10 && rocks [i].getVelocityY () < 0)
//        {
//          rocks [i].setYVelocity (-rocks [i].getVelocityY ());
//        }
      
//      delay += FRICTION *2;
//      try
//      {
//        Thread.sleep ((int) delay);
//      }
//      catch (Exception e)
//      {
//      }
      paintComponent (getGraphics ());
    }
      stop ();
      convertToMainView (currentRock);
      //paintComponent (getGraphics ());
      
  }
  
  
  public void convertToMainView (Rock rock)
  {
    double awayFromMiddle = (RockMotionReal.WIDTH/2 -(((RockMotionReal.WIDTH/2) - rock.getXPosition ())/5.65));
    rock.setPosition ((int) awayFromMiddle, (int) rock.getYPosition ());
    rock.setPicName ("Rock_" + player1.getRockColour ());
    System.out.println (rock.getYPosition ());
    double minimizeRate = Math.abs ((rock.getYPosition () - (WIDTH/2 - 15))* 0.7);
    System.out.println (minimizeRate);
    rock.setWidth (minimizeRate - 50);
    rock.setHeight (minimizeRate - 45);    
  }
  
  public boolean isInBound (Rock rock,double xBoundry1,double xBoundry2)
  {
    System.out.println ("Is in Bound");
    if (rock.getXPosition () > xBoundry1 && rock.getXPosition () < (xBoundry2- rock.getWidth ()))
    {
      System.out.println ("meets the criteria");
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
  
}

In this class, the paintComponent (Graphics g) is beign called but it is not updating to the screen.


the class, in wich i add the RockMotionReal is this one:

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import javax.swing.*;

public class PlayArea extends JPanel implements MouseListener, MouseMotionListener
{
  private final int WIDTH=300, HEIGHT=300;
  
  private DecimalFormat fmt;
  private Point current;
  private int centerX, centerY;
  private double length;
  private Rock playingRock;
  private RockMotionReal t;
  public  String gameView;
  Point point1 = null, point2 = null;
  double startPointX;
  double startPointY;
  double endPointX;
  double endPointY;
  boolean valid = true;
  public static double xSubtract;
  public static double ySubtract;
  public static double xPoint;
  public static double yPoint;
  public UserInput ui;
  private boolean everythingLoaded = false;
  public Player player1;
  public Player player2;
  
//  GameDial dial = new GameDial ();
  
  //-----------------------------------------------------------------
  //  Constructor: Sets up the panel and necessary data.
  //-----------------------------------------------------------------
  public PlayArea(Player player1, Player player2)
  {
    super ();
    addMouseListener (this);
    Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit ().getScreenSize (); //gets the size of the screen
    setPreferredSize (new Dimension(RockMotionReal.WIDTH, RockMotionReal.HEIGHT));
    addMouseListener (this);
    ui = new UserInput (player1, player2);
    gameView = "VIEW";
    everythingLoaded = true;
    this.player1 = player1;
    this.player2 = player2;
  }
  
  
  
  public void startGame ()
  {
    if (everythingLoaded)
    {
      RockMotionReal motion = ui.execute ();
      System.out.println ("Got here first");
      add (motion);
      repaint ();
      motion.actualRunning ();
      gameView = "VIEW";
    }
  }
  
  //-----------------------------------------------------------------
  //  Draws a line from the mouse pointer to the center point of
  //  the applet and displays the distance.
  //-----------------------------------------------------------------
  public void paintComponent (Graphics page)
  {
    if (page == null)
    {
      System.out.println ("It is NULL HERE");
    }
    //playingRock = t.getRock ();
    //super.paintComponent (page);
    Image background = loadImage ("K:\\JAVA_FINAL_ISP\\Resources\\JAVA_ISP_ROCKS\\" +gameView + ".png");    
   //Dimension screenSize = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit ().getScreenSize (); //gets the size of the screen
   page.drawImage (background, 0, 0, RockMotionReal.WIDTH, RockMotionReal.HEIGHT, null);
//    if (point1 != null && point2 != null)
//      page.drawLine (point1.x, point1.y, point2.x, point2.y);
    
  }
  
  public void changeView ()
  {
    gameView = "Second View";
  }
  
  /**
   *Returns the Image that is found at the given location of the picture.
   *
   *@param picLocation The location of the image that is required to be loaded.
   *@return           The Image at the specific location.
   */
  public Image loadImage (String picLocation)  //Loads the picture needed
  {
    Image pic = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit ().getImage (picLocation);
    MediaTracker tracker = new MediaTracker (new Frame ());
    tracker.addImage (pic, 0);
    try
    {
      tracker.waitForAll ();
    }
    catch (InterruptedException e)
    {
      //System.out.println ("ASS");
    }
    return pic;
  }
  
  public void mousePressed (MouseEvent event)
  {
    if (ui.isDirectionLocked () && !ui.isPowerLocked ())
    {
      ui.stopPower ();
    }
    if (!ui.isDirectionLocked ())
    {
      ui.stopDirection ();
    }
    
//    if (!ui.isDirectionLocked ())
//    {
//      ui.stopDirection ();
//    }

////    if (dial.running)
////    {
////      System.out.println ("went in here");
////      if (!dial.directionLocked)
////      {
////        System.out.println ("DIRECTION" + dial.directionFixed ());
////      }
////      else
////      {
////        System.out.println ("POWER: " + dial.powerFixed ());
////      }
////    }
    
//    RockMotionReal a = new RockMotionReal (player1.getThisPlayerRocks (), player2.getThisPlayerRocks (), player1, player2);
//    add (a);
//    a.actualRunning ();
  }
  //y=-0.25(x-centre of screen pt)^2+40
  public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent event) 
  {
    
  }
//    if (!dial.directionLocked)
//    {
//      direction =  dial.directionFixed ();
//    }
//    else
//    {
//      power = dial.powerFixed ();
//      if (dial.directionLocked && dial.powerLevelLocked)
//      {
//        t.actualRunning (); 
//      }
//    }
  
  
  public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent event) {
  }
  
  public void mouseExited(MouseEvent event) {
    
  }
  
  public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent event) {
//    point1 = event.getPoint();
//
//     System.out.println ("Clicked :D");
//      valid = true;
//      startPointX = (int) point1.getX ();
//      startPointY = (int) poigetY ();
  }
//y=-0.25(x-centre of screen pt)^2+40
  public void mouseMoved (MouseEvent event) {
    point2=event.getPoint();
    xPoint=point2.getX();
    if (xPoint<100 &&xPoint >700)
      yPoint=-0.25*Math.pow(xPoint-500,2)+100;//change 500 to have the thing in the cntre and 100 to change the beight of parabola
  }
  
  public void birdEye ()
  {
    
    
  }
  
  
  
  public void mouseDragged (MouseEvent event) {}
  
}

i know this is alot of code, but if anyone can help, it will be greatly appreciated :D

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BTW in my code there is ALOT OF CRAP, so just ignore the unnecessary stuff :)

You should not be calling "paintComponent" directly. You should be calling validate() and/or repaint() on the component.

Sorry this question might sound stupid,

but what does validate () specifically do?

What do the API docs say about it?

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