DaSpirit 0 Newbie Poster

So I'm beginning to move onto the OpenGL 3 phase. I found some source code and I've been playing around with it. How would I implement something with the same effect as glTranslate, but without using any deprecated coding? I'm trying to make a 2D game engine with it. I have no idea where to start, most online tutorials are not helpful at all. The code I'm studying is found here: https://gist.github.com/628320

How do I make the triangles move 1 pixel every frame to the right? How would I translate 1 triangle only?