The image is not showing up in the terminal window. How can I fix this? Any helpful advice?

[kaleb2020]

Class 1

import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.lang.Runnable;
import java.lang.Thread;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Game extends JFrame implements Runnable{
    private Canvas canvas = new Canvas();
    private RenderHandler renderer;
    private BufferedImage testImage;
    private Rectangle testRectangle = new Rectangle(30, 90, 100, 100);

    public Game() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(0,0, 1000, 800);
        setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        add(canvas);
        setVisible(true);
        canvas.createBufferStrategy(3);
        renderer = new RenderHandler(getWidth(), getHeight());
        BufferedImage testImage = loadImage("Grass.jpg");
        testRectangle.generateGraphics(12234);
    }

    private BufferedImage loadImage(String path){
        try{
            BufferedImage loadedImage = ImageIO.read(Game.class.getResource(path));
            BufferedImage formattedImage = new BufferedImage(loadedImage.getWidth(), 
            loadedImage.getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            formattedImage.getGraphics().drawImage(loadedImage, 0, 0, null);
            return formattedImage;
        } 
        catch(IOException exception){
            exception.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    public void render(){
        BufferStrategy bufferStrategy = canvas.getBufferStrategy();
        Graphics graphics = bufferStrategy.getDrawGraphics();
        super.paint(graphics);
        renderer.renderImage(testImage, 0, 0, 5, 5);
        renderer.renderRectangle(testRectangle, 1, 1);
        renderer.render(graphics);
        graphics.dispose();
        bufferStrategy.show();
    }

    public void run(){
        BufferStrategy bufferStrategy = canvas.getBufferStrategy();
        int i = 0;
        int x = 0;
        long lastTime = System.nanoTime(); //long 2^63
        double nanoSecondConversion = 1000000000.0 / 60; //60 frames per second
        double changeInSeconds = 0;

        while(true){
            long now = System.nanoTime();
            changeInSeconds += (now - lastTime) / nanoSecondConversion;
            while(changeInSeconds >= 1) {
                changeInSeconds--;
            }
            render();
            lastTime = now;
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        Game game = new Game();
        Thread gameThread = new Thread(game);
        gameThread.start();
    }
}

Class 2

import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.image.DataBufferInt;

public class RenderHandler{
private BufferedImage view;
private Rectangle camera;
private int[] pixels;
public RenderHandler(int width, int height) {

    view = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

    camera = new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height);
    camera.x = -100;
    camera.y = -30;
    pixels = ((DataBufferInt) view.getRaster().getDataBuffer()).getData();
}

public void render(Graphics graphics){
    for(int index = 0; index < pixels.length; index++) {
        pixels[index] = (int)(Math.random() * 0xFFFFFF);
    }
    graphics.drawImage(view, 0, 0, view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), null);
}

public void renderImage(BufferedImage image, int xPosition, int yPosition, int xZoom, int yZoom){
    int[] imagePixels = ((DataBufferInt) image.getRaster().getDataBuffer()).getData();
    renderArray(imagePixels, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(),xPosition, yPosition, xZoom, yZoom);
}

public void renderRectangle(Rectangle rectangle, int xZoom, int yZoom){
    int[] rectanglePixels = rectangle.getPixels();
    if(rectanglePixels != null){
        renderArray(rectanglePixels, rectangle.w, rectangle.h, rectangle.x, rectangle.y, xZoom, yZoom);
    }
}

public void renderArray(int[] renderPixels,int renderWidth, int renderHeight,int xPosition, 
int yPosition, int xZoom, int yZoom){
    for(int y = 0; y < renderHeight; y++)
        for(int x = 0; x < renderWidth; x++)
            for(int yZoomPosition = 0; yZoomPosition <yZoom; yZoomPosition++)
                for(int xZoomPosition = 0; xZoomPosition < xZoom; xZoomPosition++)
                    setPixel(renderPixels[x + y * renderWidth], (x * xZoom) + xPosition + xZoomPosition, ((y * yZoom) + yPosition + yZoomPosition));

}

private void setPixel(int pixel, int x, int y){
    if(x >= camera.x && y >= camera.y && x <= camera.x + camera.w && y <= camera.y + camera.h){
    }

    int pixelIndex = (x - camera.x) + (y - camera.y) * view.getWidth();
    if(pixels.length > pixelIndex){
        pixels[pixelIndex] = pixel;
    }
}

}

[JamesCherrill]

That looks like a lot of complex code to do something that should be simple. Why are you using an AWT Canvas in a Swing application? Why not just a simple JPanel and override paintComponent?

[JamesCherrill]

Your approach to animation isn't going to work. The loop on line 63 is just going to burn 100% of (one of) your CPU's time.
Use a java.util.Timer or a ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor (but not a javax.swing.Timer) to update your model at the required speed and call repaint on your graphics renderer each time.

[JamesCherrill]

Overall you are writing far too much code before you start testing.
Just about every part of that code contains errors, so it's never going to give a sensible output, and you will have no idea where to start fixing it.

Break it down into small steps and get each step working before moving on. eg;
load an image and display it
perform some trivial image transformation and display the result (yes, trivial!)
add a timer and display the updated image as you change one input to the transformation
implement the interesting transformations that I guess are the real point of this app