Hello, C question here (running on Linux, though there should be no platform specific code).
After reading through a few examples, and following one in a book, for linked lists i thought i would try my own small program. The problem is, I seem to be having trouble with memory, i.e. sometimes my program will work and display the correct output, and sometimes it will not and display garbage (in a printf call) so i assume i have been using memory not allocated to my linked list structure.
My code is below and you can ignore anything refering to taglib (it gets id3 tags in mp3 files) as i have commented it out. The loadMusicCollection() function is also unused in this example as i am having problems before that.
Basically, everything works if (from main()) i call dirSearch then readMusicCollection(), i.e. the output makes sense. However, as in the example below, when i call saveMusicCollection() the output goes funny (i get File - s���������� rather than File - song1.mp3 or whatever) so i assume it is accessing an incorrect memory location. However, as far as i am aware, i have correctly used malloc() and free() and i cannot work out why calling saveMusicCollection() before readMusicCollection() would cause the output to corrupt.
If anyone wants to run this - it searches in the current directory and all sub dirs for files of type mp3 (can be changed) and at the moment will print out the file name (stored in the double linked list) - don't bother running it with any command line arguments as it will just call loadMusicCollection(). I ran it with 2 mp3 files in the current directory, 1 in a sub dir and 2 in a sub dir of that.
Any help appreciated.
Tony.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tag_c.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h> //Only gives a warning if missing, not error.
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
//Prototypes.
char* getExtension(char *fileName); //From fileUtils.c
void init(void);
void dirSearch(char *path, char *extensionWanted);
int saveMusicCollection(void);
int loadMusicCollection(void);
void readMusicCollection(void);
//The original working directory, set at startup.
char *origwd = NULL;
//Double linked list format.
struct song {
struct dirent *file;
//TagLib_File *taglibFile;
struct song *next;
struct song *previous;
};
struct song *firstSong = NULL;
struct song *currentSong = NULL;
struct song *nextSong = NULL;
struct song *previousSong = NULL;
struct song *lastSong = NULL;
FILE *datafile = NULL;
char *filename = "music.dat";
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
init();
if (argc > 1)
{
loadMusicCollection();
}
else
{
//Create the first song of the linked list.
firstSong = malloc(sizeof(*firstSong));
if (firstSong == NULL)
printf("Error allocating memory.\n");
currentSong = firstSong;
//Search the current directory and all sub-directories for mp3 files.
dirSearch(".", "mp3");
//Set the next field for the last song in the linked list to NULL.
lastSong = previousSong;
lastSong->next = NULL;
free(currentSong); //currentSong is also nextSong.
chdir(origwd); //Now change back to the original pwd.
saveMusicCollection();
//loadMusicCollection();
}
readMusicCollection();
return(0);
}
void init(void)
{
origwd = (char *) malloc(PATH_MAX);
getcwd(origwd, PATH_MAX ); //First store the pwd.
//taglib_set_strings_unicode(TRUE);
}
/*
* Note: after function has run the current directory will be set to
* the last sub directory.
*/
void dirSearch(char *path, char *extensionWanted)
{
DIR *dhandle = NULL;
struct dirent *drecord = NULL;
struct stat sbuf;
int x;
char *fileExtension = NULL;
//TagLib_File *taglibFile = NULL;
dhandle = opendir(path);
if(dhandle == NULL)
{
printf("Error opening directory '%s'\n",path);
exit(1);
}
x = chdir(path);
if( x != 0)
{
printf("Error changing to '%s'\n",path);
exit(1);
}
//printf("Directory of '%s':\n",path);
while( (drecord = readdir(dhandle)) != NULL) //For each directory entry (dirs and files)
{
stat(drecord->d_name,&sbuf);
if(S_ISDIR(sbuf.st_mode))
{
if( strcmp(drecord->d_name,".") == 0 ||strcmp(drecord->d_name,"..") == 0 )
{
//Either this dir or parent dir so we don't want to start another search here.
continue;
}
dirSearch(drecord->d_name, extensionWanted); //Recursion.
}
else //a file
{
fileExtension = (char*)getExtension(drecord->d_name);
if (fileExtension != NULL)
{
//Check file is of the type wanted.
if (strcmp(fileExtension, extensionWanted) == 0)
{
printf("file wanted, name = %s\n",drecord->d_name);
currentSong->file = drecord;
/*taglibFile = taglib_file_new(drecord->d_name);
if (currentSong->taglibFile == NULL)
printf("its null\n");
else
{
printf("its not null\n");
printf("curr song name = %s\n", currentSong->file->d_name);
}
currentSong->taglibFile = taglibFile;*/
if (previousSong == NULL) //This will be the first song.
currentSong->previous = NULL;
else
currentSong->previous = previousSong;
nextSong = malloc(sizeof(*nextSong));
if (nextSong == NULL)
printf("Error allocating memory.\n");
currentSong->next = nextSong;
previousSong = currentSong;
currentSong = nextSong;
}
}
}
}
closedir(dhandle);
}
int saveMusicCollection(void)
{
if (firstSong == NULL)
return(0); //No data to write.
datafile = fopen(filename, "wb");
if (datafile == NULL)
{
printf("Error writing to %s\n", filename);
return(1);
}
currentSong = firstSong;
while (currentSong != NULL)
{
fwrite(currentSong, sizeof(*currentSong), 1, datafile);
printf("in save File - %s\n", currentSong->file->d_name);
currentSong = currentSong->next;
//printf("file pointer at = %d\n", ftell(datafile));
//printf("size of song = %d\n", sizeof(struct song));
}
fclose(datafile);
printf("Data saved to %s\n", filename);
return(0);
/// <summary>
////fgsg
/// </summary>
/*datafile = fopen("test.txt", "w");
if (datafile == NULL)
{
printf("Error writing to %s\n", filename);
return(1);
}
currentSong = firstSong;
while (currentSong != NULL)
{
fprintf(datafile, currentSong->file->d_name);
printf("File - %s\n", currentSong->file->d_name);
currentSong = currentSong->next;
}
fclose(datafile);
printf("Data saved to %s\n", "test.txt");
return(0);*/
}
int loadMusicCollection(void)
{
datafile = fopen(filename, "rb");
if(datafile != NULL)
{
firstSong = malloc(sizeof(*firstSong));
if (firstSong == NULL)
printf("Error allocating memory.\n");
currentSong = firstSong;
while(TRUE)
{
fread(currentSong, sizeof(*currentSong), 1, datafile);
printf("File - %s\n", currentSong->file->d_name);
if (previousSong == NULL) //This will be the first song.
currentSong->previous = NULL;
else
currentSong->previous = previousSong;
if (currentSong->next == NULL) //No more songs.
break;
previousSong = currentSong;
nextSong = malloc(sizeof(*nextSong));
if (nextSong == NULL)
printf("Error allocating memory.\n");
currentSong->next = nextSong;
currentSong = nextSong;
}
fclose(datafile);
printf("Data read from %s\n", filename);
return(0);
}
else
{
printf("Error reading from %s\n", filename);
return(1);
}
}
void readMusicCollection(void)
{
//TagLib_Tag *tag;
currentSong = firstSong;
while (currentSong != NULL)
{
//if (currentSong->taglibFile != NULL)
//{
// tag = taglib_file_tag(currentSong->taglibFile);
printf("File - %s\n", currentSong->file->d_name);
//printf("Artist - %s\n", taglib_tag_artist(tag));
//printf("Title - %s\n", taglib_tag_title(tag));
//}
currentSong = currentSong -> next;
puts("\n");
}
}The getExtension() funtion is in another file (no problems with this function):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
/*
* Get the extension of a fileName (pointer to a string).
* Return that extension (as a pointer) or NULL if there
* is no extension.
*/
char* getExtension(char *fileName)
{
char search_char = '.';
char *position = NULL;
int index;
char *extension = NULL;
//Search for the last ".".
position = strrchr(fileName, search_char);
if (position == NULL) //No extension
{
return(NULL);
}
else //Has extension.
{
index = fileName - position;
if (index < 0)
{
index *= -1; //Take absolute value.
}
//Now work out the extension.
extension = position + 1;
return extension;
}
}