If you check your Apache errorlog file when running the code you want (i.e. the same, without the / or with a /?) ; then you'll see a line like this:
[Fri Mar 16 00:54:31 2007] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Request exceeded the limit of 10 internal redirects due to probable configuration error. Use 'LimitInternalRecursion' to increase the limit if necessary. Use 'LogLevel debug' to get a backtrace., referer: http://127.0.0.1/whatever
Simply; if you run a redirect for (.*); it will match for every request; including the internal requests for index.php. I didn't use "LogLevel debug" as that error message suggests; but it will do something like:
request: /something
redirect 1: /index.php/something
redirect 2: /index.php/index.php/something
redirect 3: /index.php/index.php/index.php/something
etc; until it reaches the"LimitInternalRecursion" setting.
There's probably more than one way to prevent this; but, here is a way:
Options +Indexes +FollowSymlinks
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^\/index\.php(.*)$
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [QSA,L]
The RewriteCond line prevents any redirects where the request URI begins with /index.php. REQUEST_URI (URI not URL) is a server environment variable, and its set fresh for every request, to the path from the document root to the requested 'file'. it's important that you take the preceding slash into account.
The RewriteRule is pretty much the same as you had; except it doesn't need a '/' and it uses the QueryStringAppend flag; (means you should be able to silently pass QueryString variables into the redirected request; but, it might not be neccessary; that …