I have an old site but i decided to redirect my site in to new url due to not enough backlinks. Will it affect my old site backlinks

In the case of redirect it may not effect the old backlinks.

URL redirects will not affects your backlink of old website.
It just sent the visitors from your old website to new website url.

Use 301 Redirect. You can Redirect or You can copy the content to the new website and replace with a Note: the content has been moved to (New link of the shifted content).

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